ARCHIVE

ABSTRACTS 2007

ADAMCIK Frantisek - KRAJNAK Peter
OPPORTUNITIES FOR PARAMETER CONTROL EXTENSION OF AIRCRAFT TURBOJET ENGINES
The contribution is focused on the area of aircraft engine diagnostics using the recorded data on exhaust gases temperature by means of airborne diagnostics systems. Introduction of evaluation of the given parameters could contribute to the increase of aircraft operation safety with the aim to prevent accidents resulting from engine failures. The suggested parametric control could also be instrumental in determining the limits of the engine service life.

ANDOGA Rudolf - MADARASZ Ladislav
SAFETY ISSUES OF SMALL TURBOJET ENGINES SOLVED BY THE METHODOLOGY OF SITUATIONAL MODELING AND CONTROL
Situational modeling and control methodology represents a framework of methods that can be used by modeling and control of complex systems(CS). To satisfy high criteria put in terms of safety and efficiency today, these methods have to posses a degree of intelligence. These can be achieved by use of approaches of methods of artificial intelligence but also by incorporation of human intelligence and decision making into control and modeling of CS. We will focus on the area of small turbojet engines’ modeling and control and present intelligent methods of modeling and control. The designed highly precise virtual models of the MPM 20 and corresponding methods can be used as diagnostics models for this class of engines. On the other hand the designed model of situational control with a degree of intelligence is aimed at solving of all states of the engine including its critical operational states with incorporation of human intelligence, thus increasing safety and quality of control.

AUGUSTYNOWICZ Andrzej
PRELIMINARY CLASSIFICATION OF DRIVING STYLE WITH OBJECT RANK METHOD
This paper puts forward a method of preliminary driver classification, which applies two-criteria based of the phenomenon of driving style. The resulting rank enabled us to order the drivers according to their driving style from the most active ones to extremely mild ones. The most active driver is the one in sense of the two-criteria analysis the one who covered a test stretch of the road the fastest while changing the position of the accelerator pedal most intensively. The classification of the drivers along with the measurement data registered during road tests will subsequently give the foundation in the later part of the research for the modeling of a dynamic classification of the driving style in the form of recurrent learning neural network of the Elman’s type.

BEREZNY Stefan
FURTHER ADDITIONAL OPTIONS OF TRANSPORT SAFETY
Method of creating mathematical model for path optimized in a special way is described in this paper. Process of optimization considers regional variations and determination of weights which are the input values for objective function.

BLOUDICEK Radim - JERABEK Jaroslav
NEW TECHNOLOGIES IMPLEMENTATION IN THE AIR-GROUND RADIO COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
The deal describes IATCC radio communication system (RCOM), it will be used for aeronautical mobile services in lower level (from AGL to FL095- Teren) and upper level (OAT). Signal coverage in FIR is the basic requirement, that is why RCOM is the large system with a lot of radio-stations. RCOM radio-stations can work in the same radio channel and their decorrelations can ensure the offset carrier system. RCOM must ensure voice signals transmission from IATCC to radio-stations too. The deal describes voice signals transfer mechanism in the RCOM ground part and it is focusing on the possibilities of the signal source decorrelation.

BREDA Robert - HARCAR Imrich
NAVIGATION IN INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS OF TRANSPORTATION
The article is dealing with the integration and processing of radio course information of radiocompasses of IIIrd generation. They belong to the latest generation and determination of radio course information is diametrically different from those of the previous generations. The paper analyses the principles of processing radio course information by means of a mathematical model. The final part provides solution to the problem of radio course information evaluation as it is performed by radiocompasses of IIIrd. generation. using computer technology.

BUDSKY Roman - KOPECKY Zdenek - KOHOUT Petr
ESTABLISHING A NEW PLATFORM FOR NEW DRIVERS TRAINING IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC
The point system introduced as of 1st July 2006 has not brought expected stable results. One of the reasons represents the fact that deficiencies persist in the field of procedural law, where some offences have been affected inadequately by stringent recourses, while others would have deserved an increased attention. The present system of new drivers preparation and supplementary courses for determined categories of drivers-professionals in the CR has been up to now standing on a basis, which does not fully respect the new social environment, hence its nonconforming efficiency. Due to the above reasons, in the framework of a research programme of the Ministry of Transportation of the CR, the solution of Project TWIST - 1F54L/033/160, known under the title of "the Project Twist", the objective of which is to design a national system of drivers tuition established on a new basis respecting the new social environment, has been in progress.

BURSIK Jan
PARAMETERISATION OF OPERATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS AMONG THE AIR NAVIGATION SERVICES PROVIDERS
Complex of processes implemented in provision of the Air Navigation Services (ANS) under conditions determined by the presently developing European legislation can be identified in context of relationships among the entities providing particular service. Cooperation of them in provision of services should be effective and precisely balanced in order to achieve and assure high level of air traffic safety. Specification of quantitative values representing quality of provided service (service parameters) allows managing operational relationships between the service Providers and the Users. Because the operational relationships are mostly presented by the technical interfaces, this article is primarily oriented to the technology-based ANS. Legal aspects have to be also identified and considered in such operational environment as an integral part of managerial functions, especially in an area of cross-border (international) relationships.

CORNAK Stefan - SKOLIL Jan
SELECTED ASPECTS RELATED WITH ASSESSMENT OF SERVICE LIQUIDS
There has been wide range of both service and working materials used in vehicles´ subsystems. The main attention is frequently paid to fluids like fuels and lubricants although the reliable and safe vehicles´ operation depends onto proper quality of brake and cooling fluids too. Due to no presence of essential information regarding brake and cooling fluids the authors has decided to contribute to this issue. Submitted contribution presents selected aspects related with assessment of new and commercially available service liquids.

DJOKIC Jelena - KIETZMANN Mirko - FRICKE Hartmut
ASSESSING THE COLLISION RISK IN HIGH DENSITY AIRSPACE - A QUANTITATIVE MODEL
The paper describes a quantitative aircraft collision risk assessment technique and its software implementation with focus on high density airspace such as the TMA. The developed model estimates statistically the actual navigation performance (ANP) for all aircraft operating in the area of concern. It considers technical, organisational, meteorological and human factors. The quite complex human factors modelling addresses what is called the air traffic complexity, defined as a function of the geometry of the instantaneous ATC situation linked to the given spatial traffic pattern. The Performance related factors are derived from empirical data including certification requirements of aircraft and personnel. The traffic complexity will so impact the ANP: The collision risk is geometrically referenced and expressed for any given location. A graphical interface shows the currently local collision risk so providing ATC with a support means to identify hot spot areas.

DUB Michal - JALOVECKY Rudolf
PARAMETER IDENTIFICATION OF AIRCRAFT MOTION USING DATA FROM PRS FLIGHT DATA RECORDER SYSTEM
This paper deals with current parameter identification principles used for a description of aircraft motion. Fundamental principles for an experimental online identification of difference state equation matrix coefficients are introduced. The whole concept is tested with real measured data of PRS flight data recorder of the L-39 aircraft using the software support of the MATLAB program.

DZUNDA Milan - BAJUSZ Pavol - HUMENANSKY Vladimir
DETERMINING POSITION OF A FLYING OBJECT IN THE SYSTEM OF RELATIVE NAVIGATION
The architecture of wide-band synchronous automated data communication systems (ADCS) enables utilization of high accuracy measurement of the signal reception times to relative navigation in the network. In this contribution an operation analysis of such systems in the relative navigation mode is conducted. The accuracy and possibilities of the utilization of these systems were examined by modeling in air navigation.

FOZO Ladislav - LAZAR Tobias
INCREASING SAFETY OF TURBOJET ENGINES BY THE USE OF ANYTIME CONTROL ALGORITHMS
Nowadays, the area of technical systems is mainly focused to satisfy the demands for safety, quality and efficiency. Among the growing complexity of present systems, it is necessary to project such systems, as well as progressive methods of control, which increase effectiveness of their operation, increase safety and at the same time reducing their cost. One of the efficient approaches in this area is also the area of Anytime Control Algorithms, which offers possibilities, so that the controlled system would flexibly react to changes of outer environment and could survive deficiency of processing time, data and resources. These algorithms can be possibly defined as a sort of trade-off in processor (deliberation) time for quality of results.

FRANEKOVA Maria
SAFETY ASPECTS OF CRYPTOGRAPHY TRANSMISSION
Paper deals in safety features of communication protocols realised on the base of cryptography, which are used within safety related data transmission with guaranty of safety integrity level according to norm IEC 61508. There are summarised approaches of safety related communications systems evaluations. Application is oriented to safety analyses of protocol GSM -R (Global Systems Management for Railway) network - Euroradio, which used cryptography algorithms CBC- MAC (Ciphering Block Chaining - Message Authentication Code) on the base of 3-DES (Data Encryption Standard). Alternatives of proposed solution in form of robust secure modes and substitution of 3-DES by Advanced Encryption Standard /Rijndael are mentioned. Key words: European Train Control System, mobile communications, safety related communications protocol Euroradio, Safety Integrity Level, cryptography transmission, message authentication code

GASPAROVIC Peter
DYNAMIC STALL OF FLAPPING AIRFOIL
Rapidly flapping airfoil is subject to dynamic stall. Dynamic stall can cause excess stress on aircraft structure. There are few data on this phenomenon. This article presents CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) results of dynamic stall on simple airfoil and compares it against published experimental results.

GOGOLA Marian
THE MODELING AND FORECASTING THE DRIVER BEHAVIOUR IN ORDER TO AVOID THE TRAFFIC RISK SITUATION
This contribution presents a modeling techniques in order to simulate the dangerous drivers behaviour. The model reflects the unusual and dangerous driver behaviour in traffic which can leads to accidents, congestions, etc. For that purpose an important thing is to forecast and predict this situation and also to understand to the factors influencing the driver behaviour. The model is based on traffic data and also on travel survey data which were focused on keeping the driving rules. This is an unique method because common traffic simulation techniques investigate the risk situation „ex post", not in advance.

HOCKO Marian
THE LEGISLATIVE ASPECTS OF THE CERTIFICATION THE CIVIL AVIATION MAINTENANCE PERSONNEL
Air transport has become the safest form of travel. As air traffic continues to grow a common initiative is needed at the European level to keep air transport safe and sustainable. Safety in aviation transport is very close conected with the quality of the aviation personnel, including maintenance personnel. The European Aviation Safety Agency is the centrepiece of the European Union’s strategy for aviation safety. Basic mission of EASA is to promote the highest common standards of safety and environmental protection in civil aviation. This article solves topic of the legislative aspects of the certification the civil aviation maintenance personnel in the conditions of the Slovac civil aviation.

HORAK Vladimir - HORENI Bohumir - ROZEHNAL Dalibor
MATHEMATICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL SIMULATION OF AIRCRAFT ICING
The phenomenon in-flight icing may affect all types of aircraft. Flight safety of aircraft operating under natural icing conditions is one of the major concerns of the certification authorities and aircraft manufacturers. Computational simulation of ice accretion is an essential tool in design, development and certification of aircraft. The paper presents the wing airfoil rime and glaze ice accretion prediction code and some results of ice shape simulation. There are presented basic ice shapes created in a small icing wind tunnel either. Aircraft Icing causes the iced airfoils aerodynamic characteristics degradation. There are presented results of a lift and pitching moment theoretical solution in comparison of clean and iced airfoils.

JANOSEK Miroslav
NEW POSSIBILITIES IN THE FIELD OF AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC
The contribution deals with questions of preparation and build-up of the National integrated ATC center of Czech Republic IATCC project. It analyses its main tasks and the idea of joint military and civilian ATC station. The conclusion of the first part concentrates on the individual phases from the launch of the ATC services till the complete integration into one single subject when both military and civilian personnel will get the same training and achieve the same qualifications. The issue of preparation of air traffic controlers at the University of Defence and the practical training at an air force base is analysed in the next part. The conclusion analyses the fundamentals and the experiences of complex ATC training at Czech Air Force bases.

JEZNY Martin - PULIS Pavel - MISLIVCOVA Viera
SIMULATION OF THE AIRPORT SECURITY SYSTEMS
The article describes with model design, simulation and optimalisation of a airport security systems and elements of a model for protection of civil aviation against acts of unlawful interference. Simulation is an important and commonly used technique in the development and testing of airport security systems. Appropriate use of simulation in the airport security can reduce the overall time and cost.

JEZNY Martin - PULIS Pavel - SULEJ Rado
NEW TRENDS OF TECHNOLOGY IN THE AIRPORT SECURITY
The article describes new trends in the airport security systems, explosive detection systems used on the airports and detection methods for protection of civil aviation against acts of unlawful interference. Airport security provides a first line of defence by attempting to stop would-be attackers from bringing weapons or bombs into the airport or aircracft. Many past tragedies were the result of passangers allowed or able to carry either weapons or items that could be used as weapons on board aircraft so that they can hijack the plane.

KALASOVA Alica - PALO Jozef
EFC AS A PART OF TELEMATICS SERVICES AND ITS APPLICATION IN SR
Electronic Fee Collection (EFC) is one of the basic parts of the ITS - Intelligent Transport System and creates an information and communication infrastructure for provision of additional telematic services. The introduction of an electronic toll system will not give rise merely to an instrument for the collection of fees for use of the transport infrastructure, but will also give us a tool that can be used for the creation of an active transport policy by the government, regions and municipalities. The amount of the toll will affect vehicle movements and the price of the individual commodities being transported, because freight is also a part of the product price. In our article, we will describe above mentioned possibilities and its applications in SR.

KANOVSKY Petr
UAS IN NON-SEGREGATED AIRSPACE
This paper deals with the Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) with respect to ability to fly in non-segregated airspace. This work contains brief summaries of main relevant documents RTCA SC 203, EASA A-NPA and other, with relation to actual European EUROCAE effort in Work Group 73. Crucial part of UAS requirements to be allowed to fly in non-segregated airspace will be Sense and Avoid (S&A) ability. Basic S&A demands will be therefore depicted in this paper.

KARAS Milos - KMEC Frantisek - ANDOGA Rudolf
FLIGHT SAFETY INCREASING BY USING THE NEW APPROACHES IN MEASUREMENT, DIAGNOSTICS AND CONTROLLING OF AIRCRAFT JET ENGINES
Nowadays technical abilities in the field of measurement and diagnostics of high sophisticated and complicated devices are offering a huge amount of opportunities to study and analyze their efficiency and reliability. Financial requirements of such research are significantly minimized by using old accessible devices, with currently insufficient parameters but with high end technical fabrication. Merging of these devices with diagnostic and controlling state of art methods is promising such abilities witch can not be overlooked. Small aircraft turbo compressor engine appears to by the best suitable research object for its complexity and polyparametric nature. The article is dedicated to describe applying of modern approaches to achieve higher stability, efficiency, reliability and larger period of operation of aircraft engines which contributes to increasing the flight safety.

KELEMEN Miroslav - BUCKA Pavel - SOUSEK Radovan
NAVIGATION TRAINING – EFFECTIVE TOOL OF SAFETY MANAGEMENT WITHIN SITUATIONAL CONTROL OF AVIATION EDUCATION
One of operative approaches within the main strategy, which is being used by an air organization to follow its mission and to reach long-term objectives, is safety management. It reflects the relative priority of selected objectives of the organization, regardless of time, which is the condition for long-term intentions. Future, expected results of the air organization are also partially determined by providing a permanent routine of various organization activities in the sphere of flight safety. An air practise also needs application of a system and situation approach to flight safety management to reach higher efficiency of partial activities and more complex organization reaction on inner or outer conditions. Permanent navigation training of pilots (especially pilots-cadets) presents one of the effective tool of successful flight safety management within situational control of aviation education.

KEMENYIK Stefan
NEW POSSIBILITIES FOR REALIZATION OF SCIENTIFIC-TECHNICAL-TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IDEAS
New program period of European Union structural funds puts new possibilities of realization of scientific-technical-technological research and development ideas, which are pointing to transfer of scientific informations to the practice. This could do by creation of research-development consortiums and centres of scientific excellence. This new model put a large ability to do projects of transportation security and security and protection traffic and strategic infrastructure.

KLINCAK Maros
COMMUNICATION, NAVIGATION, SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS OF SLOVAK AIR FORCE
Conference paper describes concepcion in area of Communication, Navigation and Surveillance (CNS) Systems of Slovak Air Force regarding their modernization, maintenance and standartization in this area. These steps (concerning modernization, maintenance and standardization) which have been done in area of CNS systems in the last time significant contributed to improve safety in Air Traffic Control.

KRAJNAK Peter - ADAMCIK Frantisek
OPPORTUNITIES FOR PARAMETER CONTROL EXTENSION OF ENGINES
The contribution is focused on the area of aircraft engine diagnostics using the recorded data on exhaust gases temperature by means of airborne diagnostics systems. Introduction of evaluation of the given parameters could contribute to the increase of aircraft operation safety with the aim to prevent accidents resulting from engine failures. The suggested parametric control could also be instrumental in determining the limits of the engine service life.

KRAMARCIK Marek - PEKAR Jaroslav
RSS BASED POSITIONING IN GSM NETWORKS
This paper deals with performance of positioning in GSM networks based on received signal strength (RSS) measurements. Each mobile station (MS) collects RSS measurements of the downlink control channels transmitted by the surrounding base stations. These measurements can be used to obtain the MS location by means of calculating algorithm. We examine the accuracy of adaptive geometric and least square algorithms by circular error probability (CEP). Although accuracy of RSS positioning is not excellent, the initial costs are minimal. This is the advantage of RSS based positioning.

KRALIK Vaclav - SOTAK Milos
USING MOBILE ROBOT LOCALIZATION FOR SAFETY IN TRANSPORTATION
A key component of a mobile robot system is the ability to localize itself accurately and, simultaneously, to build a map of the environment. Accurate localization is a prerequisite for building a good map, and having an accurate map is essential for good localization. The mobile robot localization problem is treated as a two-stage iterative estimation process. The attitude is estimated first and is then available for position estimation. The indirect (error state) form of the Kalman filter is developed for attitude estimation when applying gyro modeling. The main benefit of this choice is that complex dynamic modeling of the mobile robot and its interaction with the environment is avoided. The filter optimally combines the attitude rate information from the gyro and the absolute orientation measurements. The proposed implementation is independent of the structure of the vehicle or the morphology of the ground.

KUBINYI Michal - SMID Radislav
TESTING OF AN AIRPLANE STRUCTURES WITH NON-CONTACT ULTRASOUND DEFECTOSCOPY
An ultrasound defectoscopy is worldwide used in the testing of materials and structures. Classical piezoelectric transducers need coupling between the tested object and the probe. The specific aeronautical conditions require high speed testing to reduce time when an airplane stays in a hangar for the inspection between its flight. The structural analyses are crucial in evaluation of airplane safety.This work is looking for ways to apply the non-contact ultrasound defectoscopy (Electro-Magnetic Acoustic Transducers) in the airplane inspection. Dealing with signal processing may bring this type of structural analysis closer practical application. Due to the low signal to noise ratio of received signal the different methods must me explored.

KUFFOVA Mariana - STIAVNICKY Mario
FATIGUE CRACK PROPAGATION BY FINITE ELEMENTS SOFTWARE ADINA
The microcracks that emerge in the nucleation stage are located along the active slip systems. Under continuous cyclic loading, the individual cracks become interconnected and penetrate deeply into the piece. With increase of the depth of penetration, the cracks gradually incline towards the direction perpendicular to the vector of the main stress and a plastic zone will appear at the tip of the crack. ADINA is a FEM system suitable for solving large variety of problems. Linear and nonlinear fracture mechanics analysis can be performed with ADINA system including computation of conservation criteria (J-integral, energy release rate) in 2D and 3D finite element models. Two different numerical methods are available for the computation of the conservation criteria - the line contour method and the virtual crack extension method.

KUZEVICOVA Zofia - SARSANOVA Eva - KUZEVIC Stefan - SIMCAK Miroslav - HURCIKOVA Viera - MOLCIKOVA Sona
VISIBILITY ANALYSIS IN GIS ENVIRONMENT
A GIS is a set of computer programs that collect, store, retrieve, transform, display and analyze spatial data. GIS has become an immeasurably powerful tool for the display, management, and analysis of geospatial data and is now used extensively by the intelligence community, local governments, environmental agencies, and researchers worldwide. A surface is a continuous distribution of an attribute over a two-dimensional region. GIS uses two representations to model surface: rasters and TINs. Digital terrain model with TINs structure support a variety of surface analyses such as slope, aspect and visibility. Performs visibility analysis on a layer by determining how many observation points can be seen from each cell location of the input raster or which cell locations can be seen by each observation point. It is useful tool to define visibility of the objects or terrain.

LABUN Jan
FSOME OF THE EXPERIENCES GAINED IN THE PROCESS OF MODERNIZATION OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS ABOARD OF AIRCRAFT
Various levels of modernizations, adaptations, repairs and replacements of avionic systems carried out on board of aircraft may result in major or minor changes – differences in the mechanical integration or electrical connection of the original system. In most cases, suggestions and implementations of such changes lead to higher quality and safety of the transport system. It happens, though, that such activities involve unconscious designs and implementations of a mechanical change, connection of replacement of an avionic system that also changes the positive intention of the original design. Such a change becomes apparent often at tuning–in the avionic system appearing as a failure or a difference preventing the aircrafts to be released for operation. It may also happen that such a difference has not been revealed, for various reasons, and, ultimately it turns into a threat to the transport system in terms of flight safety. The article is dealing with several minor modifications that, having been suggested and implemented on aircraft, were difficult to identify as failures when in operation.

LAZAR Tobias
FLIGHT SAFETY IS NO LONGER A GENERAL TERM
(RECAPITULATION OF DOCTORAL AND HABILITATION THESES)
The issue of flight safety has been the attracting the attention of PhD students in particularly at schools educating aircraft operators-pilots or professionals directly involved in air traffic control. The recent years have brought them lots of success in their defending dissertation theses and habilitation papers. The originator of this contribution himself has been invited to provide both opponents´ and expert oppinions not only in the preparatory stage of the defence process but also through the demanding period of bringing up highly educated professionals in flight safety in terms of their multidisciplinary development. The pool of knowledge of the theses submitted for for opponents review, are also bering th imprint of the critical approach /eayes of the authors. The presentation of the candiates´ ideas to the professional circle is not intended only for appraisal but also for forming the object of debate on so important an issue such as flight safety, as put in the reviewer´s words, the synonym of a high quality work within an ergatic system.

MORKUS Jaroslav - KAMPF Rudolf
TRANSPORT AND ITS SAFETY
The article deals with safety threat in whole transport system EU from the view terrorism. This article does not try to cover whole range of activities, which the counterterrorism strategy includes. It concentrates on the points that are in competency of local and regional organs, and above all on those, which concern the pursuit of public transport services. More precisely, this article tries identify some problems, on which these authorities should concentrate (and they do really deal with them in many cases) and specify what value can be added to this effort thanks to the cooperation with other member states at the level EU. Key words: security, terrorism, transport system, co-operation

NEMEC Vladimir - NOVAK Martin
APPLICATION OF REQUIREMENTS COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) NO 2042/2003 ON PRACTICAL TRAINING FOR AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE TECHNICIANS ON CTU
This paper solve the problematic how to determine requirements base for training of aircraft maintenance technicians. It describes the educational system of aircraft maintenance technicians at the Czech Technical University in Prague - Faculty of Transportation Sciences: the distribution of courses, the methodics for creating the syllabus of practical training, the preparation of workshop (maintenance facilities and equipment) for practical training of aircraft maintenance technicians, the system of basic practical assessments, the quality system of training and testing during training and the control of sub-contractors.

ONDRICKOVA Zuzana - KUBASAKOVA Iveta
THE LEGISLATIVE CHANGES IN INLAND TRASPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS
There are questions about international transport of dangerous goods which are actually solved absolutely by each transport. In Europe, there are two active instruments for road and railway transport. The agreement for inland water transport are in level of ratification. After the finishing of this process and consecutive application into by-law of Communion, there will overrun the harmonisation according directive. The harmonisation will be realised in particular jural dictation intro European Union.

PACAIOVA Hana
INTEGRATED SYSTEM ASSESSMENT OF SAFETY AND QUALITY BY TRANSFERS OF DANGEROUS GOODS - ADR
The Transfer of dangerous goods according to ADR presently in term of safety and care back up terrorism is considerable monitor occasion. There is a huge imposed generally to traders to ensure their activity as not to increase the possibility of threaten a health of population, their employers , environment and the level of quality required from customers. Singular system of verification their activities below under the name SQAS (Safety and quality assessment system) allows evaluate activities of traders and discharges of this assessment to apply plans of eventual improving in verifying departments.

PACES Pavel - DRAXLER Karel - RAMOS Maria
DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW TYPE OF AN ACTUATOR FOR UAVS
The article describes design of a new type of an actuator for UAV aircrafts. The proposed actuator is based on the hobby servo, involves CAN bus interface and force feedback. The servo system is described in the paper, the electronic core, the possiton regulator and the applicability of the proposed device as well. The IEEE1451 standard is used as the actuator interface and is also briefly described.

PRENTKOVSKIS Olegas - PECELIUNAS Robertas - SOKOLOVSKIJ Edgar
INFLUENCE OF OSCILLATIONS OF MOTOR VEHICLE ELEMENTS ON PROCESS OF ITS EMERGENCY BRAKING
Aim of the research: to define the consistent patterns of impacts exercised by oscillation of the vehicle in emergency braking on it movement mode and on the braking distance; to analyse processes of oscillation formation. To extend, with the aid of the developed models, the expert opportunities for modelling the vehicle movement, for investigation of accidents’ circumstances related to vehicle emergency braking. A mathematical model of impact exercised by bampers’ characteristics on the vehicle braking process has been designed, enabling the determination of coefficients of longitudinal relative forces of the vehicle’s axles, which depend on the road surface pavement and its condition. The obtained research results extend the vehicle vibration theory in the transitional movement modes, which are used in the design and improvement of vehicle axles, as well as in traffic accidents investigation and perfection of methodology of their expertise calculations.

RASTOCNY Karol
SAFETY OF THE TRANSPORT AT THE RAILWAY LEVEL CROSSINGS
Railway level crossings belong to, considering the number of road accident victims, critical places of road traffic. They are also the places with the highest accident rate at the railway. Safety of the transport at the railway level crossing is conditioned by technical proceeding applications for risk decreasing (building of level crossing control systems) and by maintenance organizational measures mainly by road users. Requests on the technical safety of the level crossing control systems is necessarily to based on analysis of hazards and risk rate associated with these hazards. Subject of this article is the analysis of the accident events reasons on the railway crossings and finding of such technical level crossing control systems solutions that will lead to decreasing of railway crossing accidents. Key Words: Railway level crossing, road traffic, accident

REINSTEIN Michal
SYSTEM FOR VERIFICATION OF ADAPTIVE ALGORITHMS ENHANCING THE PRECISION OF LOW COST INERTIAL SENSORS
This article concerns the design and realization of a universal DSP board (including user interface for PC) for measuring the low cost angular rate sensors signals as well as for verification and validation of adaptive filtration algorithms. Adaptive filtration algorithms are used for enhancing the sensors parameters in order to increase their precision and hence enable their application in low cost strapdown inertial navigation systems. This paper deals with application of Kalman filter on these sensors.

RENSKI Andrzej
MODELLING OF THE DRIVER ACTIVITY IN THE DRIVER-VEHICLE-ROAD SYSTEM
The paper presents a driver model, which can be used in a computer simulation of a curved ride of a car. A computer simulation of the curved ride and directional control of the car plays a significant role in a study of vehicle active safety. An analysis based on an advanced dynamic vehicle model only is not satisfactory in many cases, when an interaction between the driver and the vehicle is not to neglect. The elaborated driver model can be used in studies of vehicle handling and stability when closed loop procedures are needed. Examples of the model application in computer simulations of such test procedures as the double lane change manoeuvre (ISO/TR 3888) and the wind gust manoeuvre are presented in the paper. The use of the driver model in computer simulation of the car motion allows adapting better the car construction and its dynamic properties to the psychophysical characteristics of the driver and thus can contribute to improve the active safety of the car.

ROHAC Jan
GPS AND ITS USAGE IN ATTITUDE EVALUATION
The attitude represents basic navigational data that determine the relationship between an aircraft framework and a reference Earth framework. For the attitude evaluation there is commonly used inertial measurement unit. In case of usage low-cost sensors, the evaluation is affected by error that is caused by sensor’s drift, noise and resolution. The error due to the used integration is open-ended, which is a main disadvantage. One of possible method for error restriction in attitude evaluation is a usage of GPS satellite navigation, GPS receivers respectively. The advantage is that the inaccuracy is not open-ended. However, its output data can be influenced by not only aircraft motion itself but also by actual operational conditions. Even if those disadvantages exist, GPS system can be useful means to increase precision of low-cost inertial navigation unit by data fusion. This paper, therefore, deals with attitude evaluation based on GPS data, its methods, and its precision.

RYDLO Stanislav
CONDITIONS FOR OFFSET CARRIER SYSTEMS IN REAL ENVIRONMENT OF AIR RADIO COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
The article describes methods of implementation offset carrier systems which are determinate for support real air connection according to valid air rules and standards. Principle hereof system is based on exploitation only one´s radio frequency who is used by more ground transmitters. The article contains potential and limitation of offset carrier systems when this system is used in real environment.

SCHMEIDLER Karel - BERNHARD Michael
INFLUENCE OF MODERN IN-VEHICLE INFORMATION SYSTEMS (IVIS) ON ROAD SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
The study of driver behaviour is essential to the safe implementation of new traffic control systems. Into this context of increasing demands placed on drivers in a complex environment, vehicle manufacturers are introducing a broad array of new technologies. Whilst the motivation is driver comfort, there are plenty of opportunities, and pitfalls, for safety that this new technology provides. It is clear that the development and supply of In-Vehicle Information Systems (IVIS) is not taking place in a context of discovering and providing for the information handling capacities of drivers. In addition, the increasing use of mobile phones, GPS based navigation systems and even DVD in cars is almost certainly leading to accidents. It is vital for policy makers, both in Government and Industry, to understand the individual and cumulative effects of this growth in IVIS on the capabilities of drivers to manage their vehicles in safety.

SOTAK Milos - KRALIK Vaclav
SIGMA-POINT KALMAN FILTER FOR NAVIGATION SYSTEMS
The INS and GPS are widely used navigation systems in a several applications. The main reason for their using is their dimensions and weight, and their relatively simple implementation in complex navigation solutions. The main aim of the INS/GPS integration is to merge information from INS and GPS sensors and provide estimates of the states of the vehicle with greater accuracy than relying on the information from the individual sensors. The paper point out the inherent shortcomings in using the extended Kalman filter and presents, as an alternative, a family of improved derivativeless nonlinear Kalman filters called sigma-point Kalman filters (SPKF). SPKF has become increasingly accepted as an alternative of EKF for nonlinear estimation, due to derivative-free filtering mechanization and higher-order approximation.

SOYKOVA Vivienne
PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT OF MENTAL HEALTH AS A CONTRIBUTION FOR CRISIS PREPAREDNESS
The special emphasis are put on procedure of preparedness in the cases of crisis in sense of psychological support of mental health; the supporting procedures are also by training professionals of methods of Critical Incident Stress Management to have a capability to "decontaminate stress" in time of crisis (professionals and civilians). Therefore the training by simulation’s models is very important as the step in frame of Preparedness in the same way as systematically approaches in frame of education in extensive side of applications.

SZABO Stanislav
PROCEDURES IN INCREASING SAFETY IN MILITARY AVIATION
Increase of safety in military aviation is a permanent task for all subjects taking part in the military air traffic. In terms of the Slovak republic Armed Forces (OS SR) the SR AF Air Force is an operator of the aeronautical means. The question of the flight safety is a large spectrum one and it extends to the quotidian activity of all specialists participating in activity of the aviation formations and facilities.In my report I am focusing first of all at the technical area, particularly at the area of improving safety and security within military aviation through a modernization of aviation equipment.

SZUSTAKOWSKI Mieczyslaw - CIURAPINSKI Wieslaw - PALKA Norbert
MODERN SECURITY SYSTEMS FOR PERIMETER PROTECTION OF AIRPORTS
During the last few years we could observe development of the security systems dedicated for airports connected mainly with terrorist’s threats. In the past, terrorists and bombs penetrated chiefly through terminals so the main efforts were focused on improving passenger and baggage screening. After the September 11 terrorist attacks, all aspects of airport security were analyzed. Dramatic contrast between protection of terminals and perimeter zones was revealed. Inspections showed easy access to important critical infrastructure: flying controls, airstrips, fuel storages, hangars etc. This paper will present basic elements of perimeter systems and their functions in the most important action - safe and effective intervention. Various variants of perimeter protection will be shown. The presented conceptions can be applied for practical implementation for existing or new-built airports.

SOUREK David
METHODS FOR CAPACITY DETERMINATION OF AIRPORT TERMINALS
Capacity of every airport is limited by some main attributes. Among the most important attributes belong capacity of runway system and capacity of passenger terminals. This paper deals with possible procedures for capacity determination in the passenger buildings and in the subsystems such as check-ins, passport controls etc. Methods can show weak places in the passenger flow and can help to solve capacity problems.

SOUSEK Radovan
TRANSPORT MEASURES IN THE CASE OF CRISIS SITUATIONS ON THE LEVEL OF REGIONS OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC
The problematic of ensuring of basic transport functions in the case of crisis situations on the territory of regions of the Czech Republic from the view of Regional authority is solved in the text. The possibilities and resources in form of acceptation of possible standard and special measures for managing in crisis situations in transport are shown in the text. The processes and time limits for implementation of several measures are determined. The significance of measures is determined in the text as well.

SVEDOVA Zuzana
ANALYSIS OF COMMERCIONAL AND LEGAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN A PUBLIC TRANSPORT OPERATOR AND PASSENGER
The project analysed legislation of the Czech Republic and the European union which is conected with relationships between a transport operator and a passenger and between a tranport operator and public authority. According to this analysis will be suggested changes of this legislation or new legislation.

TOROK Adam - SESZTAKOV Viktor
MONETARY VALUE OF ROAD ACCIDENTS IN HUNGARY
The aim of this paper is to clarify the monetary value and the statistical analysis of road accidents for Hungary. Firstly we had to face with the problem of underreporting. Values and factors for correcting underreporting for road accident risks based on accident statistics and EU research. We had calculated and analyzed the total social cost of road transport sector for 2002 - 2005 on the aspect of growing GDP and motorisation.

UHNAK Jaroslav - HOSPODKA Jakub
POTENTIAL OF THE PROGRAM FUEL EFFICIENCY FOR REDUCING THE AMOUNT OF EMISSIONS
Article dissertates about some possibilities of Fuel Efficiency program, which is part of Flight Cost Management Conception, leading in reduction of amount of emissions produced by aircraft engines. Article develops theme of dangerousness emissions produced by air traffic. In the article is also mentioned in which way international aviation organizations approach the problem of exhalations.

VACI Lubos - SOPATA Milan
UAV NAVIGATION DEVELOPEMENT IN HONEYWELL BRNO
Significant growth of navigation systems demands opens many challenging ways for development engineers and industry. One of the great goals of Navigation team in Brno is to develop family of products which offers autonomous navigation technologies and obstacle detection implementing low cost onboard units. Key project milestones and future plans are presented in this topic to get you involved in to our engineering efforts.

VALA Miroslav
A MODEL OF VEHICLE TRACTION ON ROAD AND OFF-ROAD
Driving training can significantly contribute to the safer operation of vehicles. It is possible to effectively use driving simulators both at driving schools while acquiring a driving license and for in-service training of drivers. Driving simulators must be capable of effectively imitating a real vehicle driving. The basic condition for using a driving simulator is that the simulation model should be sufficiently real and, at the same time, simple enough so that the simulator computer can count the necessary data in real time. A vehicle model has been set up for the purpose of simulator control. It includes straight driving dynamics, braking, turning, stability, and suspension. In the model there are defined parameters of a vehicle and road surface. According to the driver´s control of the vehicle, it is possible to calculate the parameters of vehicle movement which serve for the control of the simulator.

VASEK Jiri - MACKU Iva
LORRY DRIVERS´ DISTRACTION DUE TO DIFFERENT IN-VEHICLE TASKS
There is evidence about the potential increase of driver distraction rising from the usage of in-vehicle technologies. A significant amount of distraction associated with their use may arise both from the manual manipulation of these devices and from cognitive workload related to their usage. Goal of this simulator study was to examine the effects of distraction of drivers due to different in-vehicle tasks. Four in-vehicle distracter tasks were explored: unwrapping sweets, reading the text message on the mobile phone, entering destination on the navigation system, and adjusting the heating controls. The participants of the experiment were asked to drive in both simple and complex road environments. Overall measures of driving performance were collected, together with reaction time measures and subjective measures of driver´s perceived workload through NASA-TLX.

VASEK Milan
TRAINING CONCEPT OF AIR TRAFFIC SAFETY ELECTRONICS PERSONNEL AFTER REQUIREMENTS EUROCONTROL
The article deals with describes proposal conception special education and training of Air Traffic Safety Electronics Personnel (ATSEP) conformable with requirements EUROCONTROL. Here is presentation diagram organization special education and described model of special preparation ATCEP apply to conditions military aviation. Keywords: Training Programme, Air Traffic Safety Electronics Personnel, Methodology, Progression

VOJENCIAK Vladimir
CONTRIBUTION OF THE MILITARY AVIATION AUTHORITY TO INCREASE THE SAFETY OF THE MILITARY AIRCRAFT OPERATION
The safe and efficient co-existence of civil and military activities in the common airspace rests on understanding and acceptance of requirements of both civil and military airspace users. The Airspace should not be designated either military or civil any more, but it should be considered to be one territory. Top priorities of the military aircraft are defense and security. We have to take into account the military aircraft operation limitations and requirements. The establishment of the Military Aviation Authority MOD of the Slovak Republic enables to increase level of safety in operation of the military aircraft. MAA activity is focused on following major areas: - ATM coordination procedure improvement. - Airworthiness of military aircraft. - Personal license certification. - Upgrade of military aircraft to implement EUROCONTROL recommendation.

VRANOVA Jana
THE URBAN FREIGHT TRANSPORT PROBLEM IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC - EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE AND CZECH PRACTICE
In recent time, researchers and policymakers have shown growing interest in the logistics of collection and delivery services in towns. Several projects in Europe have attempted to pinpoint the key urban freight transport problems and identify potential solutions. The basic urban freight transport dilemma remains: the future success of towns depends on their effectiveness. On the one hand, urban areas must be attractive places to live, work, shop and spend leisure time. For retailers working in the city, efficient logistics systems must be provided so that commercial premises can be serviced in a cost effective manner. On the other hand, urban there is the need to improve the quality of city centre environments, to attract shoppers, tourists and workers and to persuade people to live there. The paper will give examples of Czech cities dealing with the European best practice.