ABSTRACTS 2009

ADAMCIK Frantisek - KRAJNAK Peter
OPPORTUNITIES FOR PARAMETER CONTROL EXTENSION OF TURBOJET ENGINES
The contribution is focused on solving the problem of the dynamic error at the thermocouples, used to measure temperature of gases aft of the turbine. The temperature of gases aft of the turbine is a parameter limited by the material used for manufacturing the turbine blades of aviation jet-engine. The time behaviour of the temperature the gases behind the turbine is also an important indicator in terms of the combustion chamber diagnostics. The dynamic error of thermocouples makes it impossible to use the temperature values of the gases aft of the turbine, recorded in flight onto an airborne engine diagnostic device, in various modes of engine operation, consequently, solving the problem of the dynamic errors of thermocouples is of primary importance.

BAJUSZ Pavol
APPROACHES TOWARDS HIGHER PROFITABILITY IN AVIATION TRANSPORT COMPANIES
The article is trying to review approaches of aviation company managers towards higher profits. In their effort towards extra gains, managers, often with technical background operate companies on the edge of their operational and financial stability which, in the volatile aviation market is often unable to yield the result required. The author is calling for higher respect to structural approach taken from the well-known, yet underestimated field of financial management.

BANAS Tomas
QUALITY OF AVIATION EXPERT TRAINING AND ITS IMPACT ON SAFETY
The article deals with the system and the quality of training of university-educated army aviation experts organized by Armed Forces Academy of M. R. Stefanik in Liptovsky Mikulas. It reflects initial knowledge gained by graduation in advanced professional courses within army aviation expertise. It analyses possibilities of further education depending upon the reorganization of Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic.

BEREZNY Stefan
DISCRETE OPTIMIZATION AND SAFENESS IN TRANSPORT AND TRANSFER
Nowadays in most of the industries evaluation and ensuring various forms of security comes only out of statistical data processing and evaluating, eventually from specifications that are often designed on the statistical basis. In this paper I want to present view on the way, how to use possibilities of discrete optimization in this industry. With these information are used, that are collected from statistical data processing. I attempted to illustrate some findings from discrete optimization in various industries of transport and transfer.

BEREZNY Stefan - GRINCOVA Anna
POSSIBILITIES OF DYNAMIC MODEL CREATION FOR MOBILE EQUIPMENT OF CONVEYER BELT WITH USING A STATISTICAL-MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR SOME TYPES OF BELTS
Conveyor belt is often used for various transportation options of different types of materials. An inappropriate settings of the conveyor belt could damage or excessive wear such belts. The most appropriate solution to this problem is to create a dynamic model, which chose the appropriate setting such belts to minimize risk to life or impairment of such mobile conveyor belt. The basis for the creation of such models is to obtain limits on the basis of which is then such a model can generate. Therefore, this article discussed how to use existing technical equipment to obtain the critical values of disruption the conveyor belts used in the air transport.

BERTA Tamas - TOROK Adam
CHANGES IN ROAD SAFETY TENDECIES DUE TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN HUNGARY
The weather is becoming hectic, the possibility of weather extremities and caused damage is increasing and the related future response reactions' risk has reached that rate, which already jeopardises not only the ecosphere but the econosphere interest already. The continually worldwide increasing population, the rising economic activity, the lack of energy and the permanent race for the rise of economic prosperity led us to that rate, which is already environmentally unsupportable. Transportation sector has an important role not only because polluting the environment but because of our social and economic structure it is the sector that can hardly change due to the big social resistance. In this article we focus on the changes in road safety tendencies caused by climate change in Hungary

BILAS Rastislav - CEKAN Peter - CEKANOVA Terezia
HUMAN FACTORS IN AVIATION SAFETY
Flying safely does not begin or end in the cockpit. Physical and psychological conditions are important components of pilot and air mechanic performance. Human factors play significant roles in aviation safety, human factors-related training is emphasized in most flight training. Both pilots and aircraft mechanics make errors and jeopardize safety due to different factors. Factors which influence their performance are numerous but stress and attitude to work and people can lead to errors on aircraft and during flight. Human factor is one of important subjects which is studied by students of Aeronautical faculty. The students are informed about demands placed on pilots and mechanics, they learn about advantages and disadvantages of stress and activities they should do to avoid making errors.

BLOUDICEK Radim - JERABEK Jaroslav
OFFSET CARRIER SYSTEM IN THE ACC COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Offset carrier system is the one of methods for the radio channel sharing, for more ground transmitting stations. This paper describes the method of simulation according to real description of the radio and telecommunications mediums. They were used all know-how from theoretical analysis, mathematical descriptions and ascertained parameters about used technologies. The simulation clearly demonstrates the processes of signal transmission through the radio and telecommunication mediums, whereas radio communication system utilizes the offset carrier system according to the international aeronautical standards and recommendations.

BOROSOVA Dana
SAFETY IN TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS AND ITS IMPACT ON EXTERNALITIES
Transportation of passengers and goods plays irreplaceable role in the economy of the European society. Despite the fact that present days are full of technology innovations, mobile communication and internet, it is not possible to physically transfer ourselves over the internet. That means the society is still dependent on transportation systems. With transportation activities also comes unwanted side effects. These we can diversify to two groups: those paid by customers and included in the tariffs and those that have impact on other parties and society. These situations are generally called externalities. To determine external costs and its value is not an easy task. It is quite possible, that the cost of removing externalities can be much higher than the cost caused by externalities we want to fight against. Internalization of the external costs helps us to lower the impact of external costs to minimum.

BREDA Robert
MODERNIZATION OF AVIONIC SYSTEMS ON MIG-29A FIGHTER
The article is dealing with the steps of modernization of the MiG-29 fighter avionics that have taken place during the recent period of time. Modernization of avionics contributed to higher technical parameters that have been achieved on the MiG-29A with focus on identification, navigation and communication to NATO standards.

BUDSKY Roman - KOHOUT Petr
NEWLY DEVELOPED PROPOSAL OF NEW PRINCIPLES FOR PREPARING THE DRIVERS IN THE AREA OF PROVIDING FIRST AID
The preparing future drivers in the area of providing first aid has many years of tradition in the Czech Republic, but the current form of training is often purely formal, in part because of failure to adapt the form and contents to the new societal realities. Czech Ministry of Transportation Project No. CG711-014-160 ("Methods and tools for increasing the reliability of the human factor in highway traffic safety in the Czech Republic") primarily deals with the question of road safety, but during its planning, the team of authors arrived at the conclusion that it is necessary create a new concept for first aid training for future and professional drivers. One of the best arguments for the stated approach is the fact that the provision of high-quality first aid by laypersons in the Czech Republic could save up to 300 human lives annually, leading at the same time to economic savings of ca. 2.6 billion crowns annually.

BYSTRICKY Radek
DIGITAL ALTIMETER FOR UCAV
This paper deals with digital altimeter development for UCAV. The altimeter design is based on Atmel AVR microcontroller AT90CAN128 and Freescale pressure sensor MPX4115AP. Altimeter has additional software to calculate vertical air speed. Computed output data are transmitted through CANaerospace interface to an onboard data acquisition unit.

CORNAK Stefan
SELECTED ASPECS OF DRIVERS MICROCLIMATE AND ITS INFLUENCE ONTO THE TRAFIC SAFETY
The traffic safety is a serious issue regarding both the society and general transport. This problem has increasing intensity in terms of increasing density of traffic and motorisation. The transport means number has been growing constantly which has negative impact onto traffic accidents numbers. Looking at the traffic accidents statistics which has been collated for long time period it is remarkable that the main contributors to the traffic accidents are drivers (more than 90%). An environment quality is one of the essential contributors to the driver's reactions apart from the good life style (feeding, corporal activities, sleeping, resting, etc.). The working place/an environment - microclimate in other words is a limited space of the environment. Such space is affected and its state is modulated by contributors represented by energy stream and mass stream between two environments. We can distinguish the internal microclimate according to the contributors - influencing factors such as: thermal, optical, acoustic, air quality of the interior, etc. No other situation in terms of the microclimate influence is at the vehicles´ area. The air quality of the driver's environment is the main contents of the contribution.

DJOKIC Jelena - FRICKE Hartmut - SCHULTZ Michael - THIEL Christoph
AIR TRAFFIC COMPLEXITY AS A SAFETY PERFORMANCE INDICATOR
Numerous studies emphasize the significant influence of air traffic complexity on controller's workload and consequently on the overall safety level. This paper describes a detailed investigation into these air traffic complexity metrics. The evaluated data originate from traffic samples of a recently conducted real-time simulation in air traffic control at EUROCONTROL CRDS Budapest. In these traffic samples both flight characteristics of individual aircraft and the interactions between pairs of aircraft were taken into consideration. With an attempt to quantify potential changes of the safety level, relevant indicators as the position, collision- respectively conflict probabilities were used. A traffic simulation environment was developed in order to determine these quantitative criteria more accurately. Additional emphasis was put onto the consideration of actual navigation performance of each aircraft to allow correlating air safety with performance based navigation (PBN) concepts.

DRAXLER Daniel - DZUNDA Milan
'AOG' AIRCRAFT ON GROUND: EFFECT ON AIRLINES
Aircraft on Ground (AOG) is a term in aviation maintenance indicating that a problem is serious enough to prevent an aircraft from flying. Generally there is a rush to acquire the parts to put the aircraft back into service, and prevent further delays or cancellations of the planned itinerary. AOG applies to any aviation materials or spare parts that are needed immediately for an aircraft to return to service. AOG suppliers refer qualified personnel, and dispatch the parts required to repair the aircraft for an immediate return to service. AOG also is used to describe critical shipments for parts or materials for aircraft "out of service" or OTS at a location.

DRGACOVA Jana
TELEMATICS SYSTEMS IN THE TUNNEL FOR IMPROVING SAFETY
Contribution bring information about traffic telematics, who integrate information and communication technology in tunnel communication over land so, in order to for existing traffic infrastructure guarantee to modern steering system traffic and shipping process (move up shipping performance and effectiveness traffic, rise safety traffic, move up comfort transport, etc.)

DZUNDA Milan - HUMENANSKY Vladimir - DRAXLER Daniel - CSEFALVAY Zoltan
INFLUENCE OF BUILDING WIND- POWER PLANTS ON THE OPERATION OF RADIO COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM
Presented paper introduces one of possible approaches to influence examination of wind - power plant installation in some locality on operational parameters of radio communications system (RCS). During influence examination at least two negative factors were identified. To this factors belongs: loss of the signal caused by shielding, devaluation of the signal by multi path wave propagation.

GASPAR Peter - FAZEKAS Zoltan - SOUMELIDIS Alexandros
WILL THE LOCATIONS OF UNUSUAL VEHICULAR AND DRIVER BEHAVIOUR TURN INTO TRAFFIC ACCIDENT HOTSPOTS?
Though some sections of motorways and multi-lane roads have been built in the last few years in Hungary, a good portion of the domestic and transit road traffic is still served by two-lane roads. Some of these roads are burdened with intense and relatively slow truck and lorry traffic. The traffic safety situation is aggravated by the impatience and carelessness of a sadly high number of drivers. These factors render the mentioned roads extremely unsafe. It is questionable whether the conventional measurement approaches - including also the fixed-camera measurements - are adequate for traffic safety monitoring purposes and whether they can provide sufficient insight into the traffic safety situation. Building upon the experience with camera-based traffic lane tracking systems, relying on reports on the applicability of surrogate safety measures for crash-prediction, and on the application of omni-directional vision systems in road vehicles, a mobile omni-directional camera-based approach of assessing the safety of the mentioned roads is outlined and motivated herein.

GELNAROVA Eva - KRUPANSKY Petr - SVOBODA Jiri - MEJZLIK Petr - NEUZIL Tomas
HISTORICAL DATA BASED WIND SEGMENTATION
The 4D trajectory concept requires the precise guidance of aircraft along a predefined flight path. In particular, for the concerned longitudinal trajectory predictions are necessary, among others, reliable weather data, even in case the weather forecast is not available. In some applications, it might be useful to know the typical weather trends along the trajectory. This contribution describes the methodology how historical upper wind trends along a trajectory may be constructed. The analysis of effects influencing the segmentation of winds along the selected trajectory has been done using cluster analysis. The probability of transitions between wind magnitude states along the selected trajectory has been investigated using transiogram. As a data source, the stored predictions of U.S wind magnitudes and bearings from Rapid Update Cycle (RUC-2) have been used.

HAJDUOVA Zuzana - ANDREJKOVIC Marek - GRINCOVA Anna
OUTSOURCING IN MONEY LOGISTICS OF THE BANKS
This article deals with outsourcing in money transports of banks. Positive results of outsourcing in IT services encouraged also the bank managers to introduce outsourcing in their processes, especially in logistics and administration. Outsourcing is one of several alternatives how to provide various services in bank logistics. The main strategy is to eject responsibilities for outsourced processes out of the bank and transfer responsibilities to the third parties. The primary goal of outsourcing in the bank should always consist in achieving the highest value for money.

JALOVECKY Rudolf - JANU Premysl
ANALYSIS OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF A PILOT IN THE AIRCRAFT FLIGHT
The contribution represents an attempt to analyze the properties of human flight in the aircraft. The approach is shown to create a replacement model the behaviour of humans - pilot in the creation of a replacement model in terms of automatic control. The history has not much information on how to access the analysis features of humans in terms of automatic control. Simulation of "response" to the human impulse input is an essential building block in the design of circuit auto flight aircraft. Particular attention is paid simulations group pilot - aircraft in curbing the fast oscillations aircraft.

JANU Premysl - BAJER Josef
TIME - TRIGGERED COMMUNICATION IN ON - BOARD AVIONIC SYSTEMS
In nowadays real - time automotive distributed systems a trend towards time - triggered communication can be observed. There are some differences between automotive and avionics systems. The paper offers an overview of implementation possibilities of time - triggered based communication to an on - board aircraft network.

JERABEK Jaroslav - VASEK Milan
INTEGRATION MILITARY CNS/ATM SYSTEMS INTO NEC
The article contains information about subsystems of Air Force CI system. The article describes duties and informative possibility one from subsystems named Complex Integrated Air Traffic Control Support System on the ground of his integration into NEC environment.

JEZNY Martin - PULIS Pavel - MISLIVCOVA Viera
OPERATIONAL ANALYSIS METHODS AT THE AIRPORT SECURITY MODEL DESIGN
This paper describes the implementation of the traditional PERT/CPM algorithm for model design and simulation of airport security systems and elements of models for protection of civil aviation against acts of unlawful interference. Simulation is an important and commonly used technique in the development and testing of airport security systems. Appropriate use of simulation in airport security can reduce overall time and costs.

JEZNY Martin - PULIS Pavel - SULEJ Radoslav
THE EXPLOSIVE DETECTION SYSTEM ALLOCATION TASK FOR AIRPORT SECURITY
This paper is concerned with the assignment of numbers and types of explosive detection systems to an airport to maximize the total security. Aviation security systems can be improved by several approaches, e.g., upgrading detection systems technology and issuing new policies. The objective is to develop a detection systems allocation model for airport security systems.

JUHAS Martin
ASSOCIATION AND FUSION OF DATES IN MULTI-SENSORS NETS FOR SPECIFY POSITION OF OBJECT
Theme association of dates in multi-sensors nets is good to handle from several reasons. First is possibility avoid collision of aircraft with aircraft or aircraft and birds which can cause disaster. With more accurate information about aircrafts location, it is more possible to arrive urgently to the place of crush and give first aid treatment .Next reason is exploitation in army, when it is possible to afford accurate information about location of the target and opportunity reach it faster and affectively. There are many facilities for determination of location nowadays. It is necessary that information are in digital mode for further processing in computers. It is required to select those, that are the most suitable and most accurate. After the selection comes next creating of appropriate algorithm that could process these information and give the personnel accurate information about location of the object.

KALASOVA Alica - PEKAROVA Jana
ENHANCING ROAD SAFETY IN CITIES THROUGH TRAFFIC CALMING
Traffic moderation in cities is a process that reflects the pursuit for a new quality of life as well as applying modern transport policies at European level. In practice, there are many different types of this process depending on the type of area, road and citizens' requirements. It is appreciated that after many years of hesitation the traffic moderation is developing increasingly in the Slovak Republic. Streets, plazas and other public places of towns and cities are the points where a large part of social life is taking place. These venues do not serve only transport but are the places where commuters, children, elderly people and disabled persons meet. The set up of street space should respect the interests of all these population categories. It is necessary to prevent any mistakes done in the past when individual transport was preferred and general public was overlooked. Our article outlines some of the principles of traffic moderation and their impact on road safety.

KELEMEN Miroslav - KRIZOVSKY Stanislav - SOUSEK Radovan - NECAS Pavel
SAFETY MANAGEMENT IN THE FIELD OF TRANSPORT - NEW CHALLENGES FOR SCIENCE, PERSONAL AND PROPERTY PROTECTION
Science, education and professional training of personnel for the transport and all special support services are in the centre of our interest. The ambition of experts is to contribute to the development of science and education in the field of security management in the transport as the complex adaptive ergatic system, in the context of new challenges - safety technologies, human factor, energy, environmental and information security, especially personal and property protection in transport.

KERSNEROVA Aneta
ADVANCED SAFETY NETS
This paper presents new approach to Safety Nets by means of linking electronic flight strips to Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control System (A-SMGCS). Main international airports are already equipped with A-SMGCS Level 1 and/or Level 2, however, the current system has no knowledge of ATC instructions and thus time for conflict resolution is limited. At the same time, some of these airports attempt to apply electronic flight strips as well. The paper concerns the way how to adapt A-SMGCS to deal with the knowledge of ATC clearance and how to incorporate them into the system. It also identifies additional alerting rules on top of existing ones to assist controllers in detecting runway conflicts taking into account their inputs.

KOTABA Ondrej
OBSTACLE DETECTION SYSTEMS USING EO CAMERAS
This paper describes the possible approaches to the two distinct tasks of the sense&avoid capabilities using the visual sensors. For the obstacle mapping, we discuss the feasibility of stereo reprojection, optical flow, and structure from motion approaches. For the traffic collision detection and avoidance, the classification approaches, stereo reconstruction, structure from motion, and heterogeneous systems are being evaluated.

KRALIK Vaclav - SOTAK Milos
LASER RANGEFINDER ORIENTATION
Indoor positioning can be of great interest for a number of applications, including those in robotics and automation. Outdoor positioning is very successful using satellite navigation systems, and can routinely achieve centimeter level accuracy. Indoor positioning in many respects is different from typical GPS positioning outdoors. It comes up against number of obstacles. However, the main challenge in indoor positioning is to find an appropriate algorithm for positioning. First of all, it requires rather good initial position estimation, delivered usually by pseudorange positioning. The other problem is that pseudolites are fixed in the space, which doesn't allow implementing conventional ambiguity resolution technique without imposing some conditions on the rover receiver movement, which is not always acceptable from the practical point of view. The other way to implement the conventional technique is to start from a known location. This technique is not always acceptable in real life. Therefore we developed special measurement methods and algorithms to overcome the above obstacles and map in to indoor space. The proposed technique uses laser rangefinder and developed algorithms, including some filters. This approach allows indoor accuracy navigation and creation of high precision maps.

KRUPANSKY Petr - KOLCAREK Pavel - SVOBODA Jiri - VASEK Jiri
CONCEPT OF AIRBORNE TRAJECTORY PREDICTION UNCERTAINTY MANAGEMENT AND DISPLAYING
The core of the paper lays on a real-time management of Trajectory Prediction (TP) accuracy and on the suitable visualization on the Cockpit Display Unit (CDU). The uncertainty includes Cross-track error, Vertical error and Along-track/Time error in following waypoints. The computed errors will be visualized in appropriate way on the CDU for the selected along flight plan waypoint. A part of the paper deals also with the change of paradigm of guidance aircraft along Flight Plan. The envisioned solution is based on additional control mode which release avionics to do not control onto specific 4D targets (e.g., middle value between RNP boundaries, specific time) and set a control mechanism in certain dead-zone to allow aircraft react more freely on unexpected weather events in economy matter without aggressive targeting fixed values. The impact onto ATM as a whole is expected as enhanced ATM safety and increase of efficiency of Conflict Resolution and Detection tools.

KUFFOVA Mariana - KRALIK Vaclav
UTILIZATION OF SIMULATION AT THE EVALUATION OF FATIGUE PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS
The fatigue process is very sensitive to a great amount of both external and internal factors that, each of them on its own, but especially when acting simultaneously, can affect the fatigue resistance of materials, parts and constructions. The fatigue tests can be performed in various experimental conditions at different loading frequencies. We have all come across examples of materials fatigue failure, whether it is the broken rail which caused trains to be delayed or the broken shaft which caused car crash, etc. The importance of fatigue is tied foremost to safety of persons, which life is dependent on the reliability of given device operation. Lowering costs and in substantial extent also increasing efficiency allows us progress in computer technology usability and in application of numerical techniques onto large amount of problems in mechanical engineering.

KULCAK Ludvik - NEMEC Vladimir
REALIZATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE EDUCATION OF PILOTS
With the aim to determine the changes of the educational materials (published in accordance with the requirements of JAR - FCL 1 Amendment 2) for current directive requirements it is necessary to create new methodology. According to the proposed methodology it is possible this problem execute.

LABUN Jan - KURDEL Pavol - LIPOVSKY Pavol
THE EFFECT OF AIRCRAFT BANK TO THE RANGE OF RADIO COMMUNICATION
In professional and laymen circles there is a prevailing idea that in order to enlarge the boundary of the radio communication range, it is appropriate to bank an aircraft so that to improve the line of sight of the antenna with reference to the ground communication point. This theory is true on condition that the angle of banking does not exceed a certain stated angle, which is specific for each type of aircraft and is dependent on various factors. It is about the factors such as dimensions and the shape of the aircraft, location of the antenna on the aircraft surface, operating frequency etc. From this point of view, the article is a treatise on the causes and rules underlying of the frequency drops in the radiation pattern of the communication antenna located on the body of the aircraft from the point of the angle of bank with the minimum level of the signal received. As it is generally known, the change in the level of signal reception is of substantial effect on the range of communication link.

LAZAR Tobias - KELEMEN Miroslav - KURDEL Pavol
INTRODUCTION INTO A METHOD OF FOLLOWING THE SAFETY OF AIRCRAFT ERGATIC COMPLEX
Control of complicated systems, in which a person - operator works is connected with the need to solve tasks, which functional machine intelligent system generates. Regular concord of the intelligent connection between a person and a machine creates a special setting, which in further on called an ergatic complex.

MATUNAKOVA Sona - VOJENCIAK Vladimir
SLOVAK AIR FORCE TRAINING ORGANISATION REQUIREMENTS AND AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE LICENCE PROCEDURE
Military aviation authority MoD of the Slovak Republic (MAA) is a military organization regulating, supervising and enforcing any of areas of the military aviation: operation, certification, airworthiness, maintenance, training and licensing. Demands on content for the training course of the military maintenance personnel are in general based on EU Commission Regulation EC No. 2042/2003, PART-66 and PART-147 that are in acceptable scope applied in MAA requirements for certifying staff and for organization seeking approval to conduct training and examination for Slovak Air Force. Furthermore, there are defined additional requirements to educate and train special systems of military aircraft.

MODROVICOVA Jana - MADARASZ Ladislav - KABAT Jan
MPM 20 MAGNETIC AURA RESEARCH AND ITS UTILIZATION FOR MPM 20 SITUATIONAL CONTROL
This article is aimed at in-depth research and experimental confirmation of aircraft turbojet engines magnetic aura existence, more exactly magnetic aura of small turbojet engine MPM 20. MPM 20 magnetic aura is one of its important properties and its utilization possibilities for control purpose until now aren't closely explored. Worked article contains motives and references of its utilization for MPM 20 situational control methodical application.

NEUZIL Tomas - VASEK Jiri - KRUPANSKY Petr - SVOBODA Jiri - JONAK Jaroslav
SESAR FROM THE RESEARCH TEAM PERSPECTIVE
The SESAR (Single European Sky ATM Research) activity is a European Air Traffic Management (ATM) innovative programme. The main goal is to prepare European ATM for the traffic envisaged in the ICAO forecasts for the year 2020 and above. It is expected that the future air traffic will be up to 3 times higher. The growth in the air traffic is reaching a capacity barrier, which is caused by the current ATM structure. The SESAR programme will accommodate the increased level of air traffic with reduced delays, reduced costs to the airspace users, limited environmental impacts and increased safety.

OREJAS Martin Ernesto - VACI Lubos - SOPATA Milan
MULTIPLE SENSOR INTEGRATION FOR AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE NAVIGATION
This paper presents a software solution for multiple sensor integration for autonomous vehicle navigation. The system unique features and shortcomings are taken into account to implement the fusion of an inertial navigation system (INS) with measurements from global navigation satellite system (GNSS), altimeter, odometer and magnetometer employing a complementary extended Kalman filter to produce an accurate, reliable and robust navigation solution. The aim of this work is to present specific problems and solutions of sensor integration.

POKORNY Jan - SELMAT Michal
PASSIVE SAFETY OF CAR FLEET IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC
Safety of car fleet is usually estimated according to its age. But this estimation is quite inaccurate and gives only information about the average age of common cars in a territory. It does not consider passive and active safety structure of that car fleet. This article shows possibility involving some of these parameters to this estimation. A method introduced in this paper is based on fuzzy sets application to this problem and appears from data obtained from Central Register of Vehicles and EuroNCAP.

POLAK Ondrej - JANOS Vit - BAUDYS Karel
EVALUATION OF A NEW TIMETABLE CONCEPT ON THE TRACK PRAHA-KLADNO USING A SIMULATION TOOL
On behalf of České dráhy (the Czech Railways) a railway operation model for the railway track Praha - Kladno was compiled using the Swiss simulation tool "Opentrack". The aim of the study was to prove the feasibility and robustness of a new timetable concept, which slightly raised the traffic intensity. The study proved the feasibility and pointed out the critical moments of the planned concept. It especially simulated the possible effects of operation irregularities at the critical points. To prove the robustness of the timetable a 5-15 minutes entry delay was simulated for every train in the planned work-day timetable. The conclusions of the simulation were later projected into specific dispatching issues for every station dispatcher as well as the overall operations control. Apparently thanks to the results of the study the influence of delays on this track was minimized. This was an important contribution to improve the marketing image of the new timetable.

RASTOCNY Karol
PRIMARY FACTORS AFFECTING SAFETY OF CONTROL SYSTEM
The control system is expected to execute control task with required level of availability. There is a special group of safety-relevant control systems with an addition request, that their malfunction will cause no injuries, considerable material harms, environmental destruction or other unwanted results. Safety as system property depends on several factors. Already in initial stages of the control system life-cycle it is necessary to analyze the effect of each of these factors on safety of a designed control system. Following this analysis, it is possible to propose appropriate measures for achieving specified safety goals.

REHANEK Peter - JUHAS Martin - DZUNDA Milan - HUMENANSKY Vladimir
RELATIVE NAVIGATION IN AUTOMATIZED SYSTEMS
Relative navigation in automatized systems is an example of decentralized parameters measurement of objects. Every object must use only a results of these measurements: moment of signal receive and moment of signal transmit. Relative navigation is widely used in military section and also in civil aviation and principles of relative navigation can be used by localization of mobile phones in GSM and other networks.

SCHMEIDLER Karel
HUMAN - MACHINE INTERFACE RESEARCH AND TRAFFIC EFECTIVITY AND SAFETY
Human factors and cognitive engineering competencies exist in Europe but are scattered. For addressing this fragmentation of research capacities, HUMANIST gathers the most relevant European research institutes involved in Road Safety and Transport to contribute to the eSafety initiative and to improve road safety by promoting human centred design for IVIS and ADAS.

SCHMEIDLER Karel
WALKING AS A MODE OF TRANSPORT IN CITIES
Spatial mobility - a basic human need for movement influences the overall development of society. The present day offers many kinds of means of transport and ways how to move fast even at a long distance in the global world. Fascination by this previously unknown possibility - to travel all over the world in a relatively short time - often diverts attention from the most natural and also the healthiest modes of transport. Walking indeed is the first and basic transport mode, and when extreme cases such as the handicapped, injured and for other reasons walking - incapable people are left out, it is also the healthiest and most typical transport mode of human beings. Unfortunately, the benefit of walking is nowadays often disregarded and replaced with other means of transport - most frequently individual car traffic. Present - day cities have changed into car areas in which pedestrians are pushed out by danger, noise, and combustion gases produced by columns of stopping and starting vehicles. Parking cars obstruct pedestrians' view and movement. The liberty of walking in city centres can be regarded as an attribute of a free personality according to The Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms.

SIERPINSKI Grzegorz - KASPRZYK Iwona
THE CLASSIFICATION OF COUNTRIES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION IN REGARD TO TRANSPORT SAFETY
This article presents a classification of the countries within the European Union with respect to transport safety. The article focuses on important safety parameters such as, the coefficient of motorization, number of kilometers of roads and the number of deaths and injuries. A classification of EU countries will be performed each year from 2003 to 2007. This analysis will enable countries to monitor improvements in transport safety during this period. For this purpose linear classification methods are used and countries are grouped using a hierarchical cluster analysis based on Ward's method and a k-means method.

SITAVANCOVA Zuzana - HAJEK Martin
TRKC - TRANSPORT RESEARCH KNOWLEDGE CENTER
This article aims to make one familiar with the purpose, activities and possibilities of TRKCThe TRKC is a Specific Support Action under the 6th Framework Programme and succeeds the Extra (1999-2001) and EXTR@Web (2002-2006) projects. It kicked off in early 2008 and public activities on the TRKC website are currently being relaunched. The Transport Research Knowledge Centre (TRKC) project (2007-2010) is an EU (DG-TREN) supported co-ordinated action under the Sixth Framework Programme for Research and Development (FP6). It is designed to raise awareness of the outputs of transport research at European, national and international levels and to provide analyses on how these can be utilised to stimulate innovation in transport and to shape European transport policy for sustainable mobility. To this end the TRKC collects, structures and analyses transport research results from across the European Research Area and disseminates the gained knowledge through the dedicated TRKC web portal. It is co-ordinated by GOPA-Cartermill (Belgium). Other consortium members are IABG (Germany), Egis Mobilité (France), the University of Rome - DITS (Italy), the University of Leeds - ITS (UK) and CDV - Transport Research Centre (Czech Republic).

SOPATA Milan
THE HONEYWELL FUTURE ATM ACTIVITIES IN EUROPE
The current ATM was designed years ago and was based on operational concepts and technologies which are reaching limits. Also, current airport infrastructure cannot accommodate increasing of the air-traffic. The SESAR program (and similar NextGen in USA) is one that combines technological, economic and regulatory aspects to synchronize the plans and actions to achieve maximum optimality of the future air space. The proposed SESAR vision is to achieve a performance based European ATM system, built in partnership, to best support the ever increasing societal and States', including military, expectations for air transport with respect to the growing mobility of both citizens and goods and all other aviation activities, in a safe, secure, environmentally sustainable and cost-effective manner 2. The SESAR consortium has been selected and associated partners as well. The selection consists of major stakeholders in Europe including Airspace Users, Air Navigation Service Providers (ANSPs), Airport Operators and the Supply Industry (European and non-European), plus a number of others including safety regulators, military organizations, staff associations (including pilots, controllers and engineers) and research centres which work together with the significant expertise of EUROCONTROL. This article aims to describe Honeywell activities within the SESAR, contributions of the Honeywell to the SESAR.

SOTAK Milos - KMEC Frantisek
USE OF THE VEHICULAR DATA RECORDERS FOR INCREASING TRANSPORTATION SAFETY
Modern automobiles generate, utilize, and analyze electronic data to improve vehicle performance, safety, security, comfort and emissions. Vehicular data recorders collect, record, store, and export data related to vehicle predefined events. Recorded and stored data can be used for many purposes and are very important in case of accident. Crash information is critical to understanding causation leading up to the crash, vehicle performance during a crash, and post-crash events. Article describes possibilities of use of vehicular data recorders in modern automobiles and possibilities of use of recorded data for increasing transportation safety.

SOTAK Milos - KMEC Frantisek - KRALIK Vaclav
THE ALLAN VARIANCE METHOD FOR MEMS INERTIAL SENSORS PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION
The paper is focusing on the parameters evaluation of inertial sensors models which can be used for Kalman filtering. The estimation accuracy is mostly affected by the time-dependent growth of inertial sensor errors, especially the stochastic errors. In order to eliminate negative effect of these random errors, they must be accurately modelled. In order to improve the performance of the inertial sensors, the users are keen to know more details about the noise components for a better modelling of the stochastic part to improve the navigation solution. The main objective of this paper is describing the principle of determining parameters for inertial sensors models using Allan variance.

SOUREK David
METHODS FOR ESTIMATION OF DELAYS IN AIR TRANSPORT
The delay exists on arrival or departure at the airport with big number of aircrafts movements. There are also delays in passenger terminals. The maximum delay can be estimated by using of operational research methods or simulation, but we must know input conditions. This paper deals with methods, which can be used for estimation of delays in airport subsystems.

SVEDOVA Zuzana - SCERBA Marek
REAL TIME PASSENGER INFORMATION
The increasing use of information technology and electronic communications has raised travellers' expectations on the provision of transport information. Increasingly a printed timetable at a bus stop falls short of the mark, and passengers now expect relevant, accurate and timely information to allow them to make informed decisions on travel choices.

SVOBODA Pavel - ZIKMUND Tomas
THEORETICAL TRAINING OF TRUCK DRIVERS
The article describes safety problems of heavy commercial vehicles depending upon driver's age and analyses present situation in the Czech Republic. The article also describes practical phase of acquiring groundwork data for mathematical model of a heavy road tank vehicle and presents possibilities of utilization of the model in practice for education of truck drivers. The developing mathematical model of a heavy vehicle will serve for simulation of ride of a heavy-duty commercial vehicle with a circular tank or with fixed load. The article shows a way supposed for model verification, too. The project is being solved within the framework of driving stability research at the Department of transport means and diagnostics of Jan Perner transport faculty, University of Pardubice.

TURCANIK Michal
TRAFFIC LIGHTS CONTROL USING RECURRENT NEURAL NETWORKS
The paper presents theoretical and experimental investigation of traffic lights control using recurrent neural networks. The structure of the recurrent neural network for traffic lights control and a learning algorithm for recurrent neural networks is presented. Verification of the functionality of the designed recurrent neural network was done through dynamic simulation model of selected traffic lights.

VASEK Jiri - KOLCAREK Pavel - KRUPANSKY Petr - MISIAK Christopher
AIRBORNE SIDE AND AUTOMATED EN-ROUTE CONFLICT DETECTION AND RESOLUTION
This paper presents a summary of results gathered during the simulator based airborne impact assessment of the ERASMUS research project. The ERASMUS project is a European Commission FP6 project, which tries to significantly improve efficiency, effectiveness and safety of the European Air Traffic management system. Its goal is to provide automatic conflict detection and resolution up to 20 minutes ahead of the conflict during the en-route phase of the flight, while maintaining the advantage of actively involved Air Traffic Controllers. In spite of the major focus on the ground side of the Air traffic management, the implementation of ERASMUS in the future European airspace heavily depends on a number of airborne related issues such as acceptability, timely response or situation awareness. Results related to these areas are presented in the paper and based on them, modifications of the current onboard equipment related to the processing of the conflict resolution clearance onboard are proposed.

ZDANSKY Juraj
MODELING OF SAFETY CHARACTERISTICS OF CONTROL SYSTEM WITH SAFETY PLC
To reach the required safety integrity level of control system is generally connected with modeling of its safety characteristics. Such is the case with control systems with safety PLC. Although the certificate of producer about reached safety level of PLC plays very important role, it speaks nothing about the given application. Because of that it is suitable to create control system with safety PLC on the ground of safety model, taking into consideration specifications of concrete application. This model is a guarantee for correct utilization of safety characteristics PLC in concrete application.

ZIHLA Zdenek
MODERN TECHNICAL SOLUTION APPLIED FOR FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEMS SAFETY INCREASING
The flight control systems of contemporary civilian transport airplanes are equipped by a number of modern elements and systems capable of decreasing the level of possible accidental injury or damage risk. But till now the problem of fault detection and isolation and reconfigurable control for the navigation and control systems of aerospace vehicles to be more safe and reliable attack the attention.