ACCEPTED ABSTRACTS 2011

ADAMCIK Frantisek - POVAZAN Jozef - FOZO Ladislav - JUDICAK Jozef
THERMOGRAPHY AND THE FACTORS AFFECTING THE MEASUREMENT OF SURFACE TEMPERATURES
The aim of the contribution is to highlight the problems arising when measured using the thermal imaging camera. It approaches the advantages and disadvantages of cameras and focuses on the main factors affecting the measurement accuracy. The contribution also brings a particular type of thermal imaging camera, which will be used to measure the turbo jet engine "MPM-20". Finally, the properties of "MPM-20", in relation to the measurement method, are also specified.

AUSSERER Karin - CHALOUPKA-RISSER Christine
THE ELECTRIC BIKE: CHANCES AND RISKS OF A NEW BOOM
The Electric bike is currently experiencing a boom. This development will constitute on one hand a challenge for traffic safety; on the other hand it has the potential to replace significant volumes of car trips because of the wider operating range and lower physical energy consumption compared to regular bike. These features make this bike environmentally friendly and a sustainable mode of transportation, contributing to road safety, and improving quality of live at the same time. The mobility of various groups of road users who have no access (yet) to car and who would rather avoid using car is being efficiently supported that way. In the study Fem-el bike, a project financed by the Austrian Ministry of Transport Innovation and Technology the existing opportunities taking into account possible threats, risks and barriers that could obstruct the best use of the electric bicycle were analysed. Results of this project will be presented.

BANAS Tomas - NECAS Pavel
OPTIMIZATION OF THE PROFESSIONALS IN TERMS OF MILITARY AVIATION OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC
The article deals with optimizing the training of experts of the Air Force in terms of the Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic organized by the Armed Forces Academy of General M. R. Stefanik in Liptovsky Mikulas. It reflects the latest developments in the field of military education, to highlight the possible variants of solving the problem taking into account changes in the personnel of the Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic and their impact on air traffic safety.

BENEDA Karoly
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR SURGE PROTECTION USING VARIABLE INDUCER SHROUD BLEED
There is an industry-wide usage of centrifugal compressors, also in the safety-conscious aviation. Therefore the high reliability of power generation components including compressor surge protection is indispensable. There are several methods of active surge suppression systems but in the aviation there are only minor variants due to mass constraints. The inducer shroud bleed is able to handle low flow conditions but it causes efficiency penalty in surge-free operation modes. The possible solution is the variable inducer shroud bleed that can be opened as the surge margin is approached. To discover the capabilities of this method an experimental research is in progress at the Department of Aircraft and Ships of BUTE including also the theoretical part of the investigation.

BEREZNY Stefan
ALGORITHMS OF PROCESSES OF THE WINTER MAINTENANCE ON KOŠICE AIRPORT
The paper introduces a schema of algorithm, describing the simulation of winter maintenance of Košice airport. Input data of the algorithm are represented by basic parameters of Košice airport. Variables, parameters that affect the output of algorithms are parameterized and scaled according to the tables describing proper usage of techniques for winter maintenance in terms of Košice airport. Based on the well-established schema of algorithm for processes of winter maintenance realistic simulator of these processes and software solution for winter maintenance will be created at Košice airport. The simulator will provide timely and properly respond to the situation and minimize catastrophe risk in aviation safety at the airport, which is associated with closing the airport because of the poor maintenance of airport runway.

BIRO Zsolt - FAZEKAS Zoltan - GASPAR Peter - KOVACS Roland
TRICHOTOMY OF DRIVERS, VEHICLES AND ROADS IN VIEW OF VEHICULAR EMERGENCIES AND CORRECTIVE ACTIONS
In the paper, results derived from the statistical evaluation of data collected from vehicular safety systems are presented. The purpose of the analysis was to identify and characterise certain non-trivial interactions between drivers, road vehicles - trucks in particular - and roads. The data concerning truck trajectories, emergency situations and corrective actions were collected by various on-board sensors and were transmitted to and stored in a database for further processing. Observations were made and conclusions were drawn from the multi-dimensional statistical analysis of electronically detected emergency events.

BLOUDICEK Radim
LED LIGHT SOURCES IN THE AIRPORT LIGHTNING SYSTEMS
The lightning system is an indispensable part of the every airport. The airport lights use incandescent light sources now. This method is uneconomical - in term of wattage, life time and supply method. The deal describes the new possibilities in the use of modern components in the airport lights, their advantages and it shows the different ways of their power supply.

BOJDA Petr - DUB Michal - MAKULA Petr
MULTIPLE SOURCE NAVIGATION SIGNAL GENERATOR
The paper presents a concept and the first experimental results of a complex navigation signal generator (CNSG). The generator consists of the generator of the VOR signal with 10 independent signal capability and the GNSS signal generator with BOC modulation. Those generators are able to provide signal with parameters according to the actual position and a relative velocity of the source of signal and its receiver on board of the simulated aircraft.

BREDA Robert - BENO Vladimir - KADUK Pavol
EXPERIMENTAL MEASUREMENT OF PARAMETERS OF SENSOR ADIS16350
Evaluate the contribution of measured parameters of inertial sensor ADIS16350 obtained by experimental measurements on a rotary basis. The results achieved measurements are compared with the parameters indicated by the manufacturer of the sensor. The sensor is its parameters and price suitable for use in autonomous navigation spatial objects.

BYSTRICKY Radek - JANU Premysl - BAJER Josef
PROPOSAL OF LOW COST FLIGHT DATA RECORDER FOR ULTRALIGHT AIRCRAFT
The paper deals with a proposal of flight data recorder suitable for ultra-light aircraft. The recorder uses commercial low cost sensors like GPS, inertial sensor, etc. connected together via bus CAN with CANaerospace protocol. Therefore the flight recorder could be connected with other devices as PDAs and can also serve as a multi-tool instrument.

CAPKOVA Marketa
ELECTRIC MOTOR WHEELTUG
The article discusses the Wheeltug electric drive and its benefits in aviation. The principle of the patented system is the installation of an electrical motor into the front landing gear of an aircraft, which will provide its full mobility along runways without the necessity to switch on the main engines. Implementation of this system will mean great savings in fuel and emissions and therefore a more cost efficient and environmentally friendly airline industry. It will also mean a major improvement in safety - besides others it will significantly lower the risk of damage to main engines by sucking in foreign objects during taxiing, just as the risk derived from ground personnel moving about the runway. Even several entities from the Czech Republic are taking part in the testing of the system.

CEKAN Peter - CEKANOVA Terezia
THE ASSESSMENT OF RESEARCH RESULTS IN CRITICAL COMMUNICATION OF PILOTS AND AIR TRAFFIC CONTROLLERS
A lot of aviation incidents and accidents are attributed to human factors. Communication among pilots and air traffic controllers is one of very important categories of human factors. We have to be aware of the fact that communication is effected by various circumstances especially stress, personal problems, quality of audio equipment, etc. This article presents the latest results of research of communication between pilots and ATC, which was completed by questionnaire and survey methods. The results clearly confirm the need to pay increased attention to communication in difficult conditions of work in aviation.

CEKANOVA Terezia - CEKAN Peter
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH OF AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE TECHNICIANS IN THE FIELD OF FLIGHT SAFETY IN 2011
Flight safety is a priority for all operators and providers of air services. Technical aircraft maintenance personnel are an important element influencing the course of each flight. In addition to being directly responsible for the technical condition of aircraft it is also required to learn and undergo a series of tests. In our research we focused our attention on the conditions that the aircraft technicians have to do to carry out their practice. We wonder about their awareness of the impact of human factors in their work effort and performance, information on safety programs and newsletters, and especially their access to employment and education, and testing. Partial research results are presented in this article.

CORNAK Stefan
SPECIFIC ASPECTS OF BRAKE FLUIDS ASSESSMENT REGARDING TO THE TRAFFIC SAFETY
One of the most important vehicle safety components are the brakes. The brake fluid quality is also important for the brake system operation because that reliable performance of brakes is significantly influenced by brake fluid quality properties which further influence the safety of a vehicle crew and other traffic participants. Four samples of the SYNTOL HD 265 PLUS brake fluid with water content of 0.2 % by weight, 1.7 % by weight, 3.6 % by weight and 5.9 % by weight were prepared in the lab. The results have been showed that the brake fluid viscosities vary not only with temperature (this fact has been known), but also with the change of water content (this fact has not been known).

DORNEICH Michael - VASEK Jiri - KEINRATH Claudia - KRUPANSKY Petr - PASSINGER Bretislav - WHITLOW Stephen - HAMBLIN Chris
INTEGRATED DATA LINK CONCEPT - AN ADAPTIVE SYSTEM FACILITATING CONTROLLER PILOT DATA LINK COMMUNICATION
An adaptive system to address workload issues due to the migration towards datalink communications in future flight decks is presented in this paper. Air traffic in Europe is expected to more than double by 2020. New technologies being proposed will significantly add to pilot roles and responsibilities, and has the potential to add further periods of high workload to pilot operations. The CAMMI (Cognitive Adaptive Man Machine Interface) program addresses human factors priorities in the aviation domain by developing concepts that balance operator workload, support added future operator roles and responsibilities and resulting new task and information requirements, while allowing operators to focus on the most safety critical tasks. The Integrated datalink (IDL) adaptive system is focused on mitigating the potential workload implications of datalink communications in the context of increased pilot tasking in SESAR operations. IDL aims to facilitate the processing of the uplinked clearances by modifying the information presentation to the pilot or even automating some tasks which would normally be performed by the pilot. The IDL system will reason over time and safety criticality. Pilot workload (as measure in real-time), and the task context. It is expected that the IDL system will balance workload, improve performance, and reduce errors in the often difficult multi-tasking environment of future flight operations.

DRAGANOVA Katarina - KMEC Frantisek - HUDAK Jozef - BLAZEK Josef - MIKITA Ivan
MULTI-POSITION STATIC TEST OF 3-AXIS ACCELEROMETER
Accelerometers are nowadays commonly used in many transportation applications, for example in many kinds of vehicles as a part of navigation systems and in automobile safety systems such as airbags and vehicle dynamic control. The knowledge of real parameters of accelerometers used in mentioned applications is very important for correct function and system reliability. The article deals with accelerometer calibration using so called multi-position static tests. The goal of these tests is to approximate static conversion characteristics of 3-axis accelerometer and to determine additive and multiplicative constants for x, y, z channels of the accelerometer.

DRGACOVA Jana - BEBCAK Petr
SLOT CHANNELS UTILIZATION FOR TUNNEL DRAINAGE IN TERMS OF FIRE SAFETY
In tunnels where dangerous load transport is allowed must be implemented a drainage of flammable and toxic liquids through the use of properly designed sewer system or of other equipment placed in transverse profile of the tunnel. The article brings information about drainage system in transeuropean highway tunnels and about sewer fire barriers that are integral part of drainage system in way tunnels and about their testing to achieve tunnels fire safety increase.

DZUNDA Milan - DRAXLER Daniel - ZAK Peter - REHANEK Peter - JUHAS Martin
INFLUENCE OF BUILDING WIND-POWER PLANTS ON THE OPERATION OF RADIO LOCATIONS SYSTEM
The contribution provides solutions to the impact of planned building of windmills exerted on the operation of radar systems. The major negative factors involved have been determined and considered as to how the planned wind power stations influence the operation of radar systems. A methodology of evaluation of the effects has been developed.

DZUNDA Milan - ZAK Peter - NOSWITZ Melanie - DRAXLER Daniel
MODERN BILLING SYSTEMS FOR AIRCRAFT IN FLIGHT ENTER-TAINMENT
Airlines today have to offer a wide variety of surplus services. Starting on the ground with "VIP" treatments for their passengers, followed by superb onboard services in latest & modern airframes with all gadgets installed. Of course if the passenger on ground used their 2G, 3G/UMTS cellular phone and their PC for web-browsing or EMailing via WLAN, they require the same comfort while cruising through the air with 850 km/h at 10.000 m of altitude. Their also do not worry how the airline will get paid for it. It just must work! This article focus on WLAN Hot Spots and modern billing system installed into any aircraft without adding payload, blocking space and have it run by non-IT skilled, changing flight crew attendants. The WLAN user should simply switch on the PC, grant access to the WWW and in the same time his money for the usage is drawn out of his wallet. Different software solutions are extensively evaluated within field-tests to simplify operations.

ELESZTOS jr. Pavel - MACAJ Juraj - SOLEK Peter - ELESZTOS Pavel
THE INFLUENCE OF STRUCTURAL CHANGES ON BUS BEHAVIOR DURING ROLLOVER
The paper deals with the evaluation of bus body behaviour during rollover test accomplished according to international standards. The goal of the study was to compare the impact of main component incorporation on the resulting deformation of bus superstructure. In the publication the influence of production technologies of structure bearing parts on deformation time path during rollover are also taken into account. The results are recommendations for model preparation focused on the most accurate description of bus structure behaviour as a whole with detailed analysis of plastic zones.

FAZEKAS Zoltan - GASPAR Peter - KOVACS Roland
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF DETECTED VEHICULAR EMERGENCIES IN VARIOUS ROAD ENVIRONMENTS
The geographical surroundings of roads - characterised with road facilities in the vicinity (e.g. parking area, junction), applicable traffic regulations (e.g., speed limits) and the arising traffic patterns - and the socio-cultural, economic characteristics of these areas are analyzed in connection with the accruing emergency situations, such as emergency brakings, in respect of trucks of a small fleet. The emergency situations are detected by inertial sensors and are mitigated by appropriate corrective actions, such as ABS, ESP actions determined and implemented by electronic control units and actuators, respectively. The road locations together with other relevant data describing emergency events are logged and collected via a remote vehicle monitoring system. The effects of nearby road features and road structures on the number of emergency events are considered. For the visualisation of vehicular emergency events, a popular geographical program was used. The locations were visited in a virtual manner and were classified according to simple quantitative rules. Similarly, nearby road features were looked at and noted to provide spatial horizons to the recorded emergency events. Clustering techniques are used to demonstrate and evaluate the aforementioned effects.

FRANKOVIC Martin
THE PRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT LOGISTICS IN CRISIS AREAS AND KNOWLEDGE OF IT´S APPLICATION
The article describes principles of effective functioning of logistics processes in supplying of crisis areas. First chapter of article is dedicated to theoretical principles of collective responsibility of "NATO"nations when securing the international allied operations. It defines aim and purpose of allied joint logistic doctrine which are fully applicable at a wide spectrum of operations in different crisis areas. The second one describes the software product "LOGFAS"(logistics functional area services) developed for the application of allied joint logistics doctrine. Generally, LOGFAS is supported by an information system for multinational mobility management. The product provides a comprehensive set of automated and integrated decision support tools for the planning, analysis and execution of transport (air, land, maritime) and logistic. It is a distributed information system developed to minimize the planning time of multinational logistics tasks, and to facilitate the co-ordination between the various nations. The third chapter talks about specific experience in integration the principles and the software product in actual crisis environment. It reflects personal experience of Movement and transport manager during deployment to the crisis area of Afghanistan. Chronologically describes all the measures what had been taken in order to apply to all the principles mentioned in allied joint logistics doctrine. In conclusion I provide judgemental view on situation in praxis.

GALANDA Jozef - SEDLAK Pavol - STANCL Miroslav
THE ADMINISTRATION OF ROAD TRAFFIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS AUTHORITIES FOR ROAD TRANSPORTATION AND GROUND COMMUNICATION
This contribution represents a specialized government, representing the District Office for roads and transport Kosice- district (the District Transport Office), with enlargement of the scope of the district Gelnica. The introduction situates the District Transport Office into the structures of the Ministry of Transport, Construction and Regional Development, and provides an overview of the organizational structure of regional and district transport offices. The main part of the analysis procedures of the Office in terms of two most powerful competences and according to Act ? 725/2004 Code on the operating conditions of vehicles in road traffic and certain amending laws, as well as in terms of competences according to Act. 135/1961Code on roads (the Road Act). The conclusion offers a constructive proposal for optimization in the District Transport Office procedures.

GASPAROVIC Peter
CFD SIMULATION OF DEEP STALL CONDITION ON THE SWEPTBACK WING
A deep stall, a dangerous flight condition, affects aircraft with certain sweptback wing designs. The paper presents preliminary phase in exploring the deep stall condition by CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) methods. The preliminary phase should verify the ability of CFD methods to confirm existing experimental data of the sweep and taper parameter combinations of the wing. The same methodology could be then used to explore the effect of the next parameter, wing twist, on deep stall condition.

GREGA Matus - NECAS Pavel - SCHOBER Tomas - ANTOSKO Matej
SIMULATORS AND TRAINERS - HOW IMPROVE THE SAFETY OF AIR SERVICES
Virtual simulation is the latest and most dynamic area of training and therefore also to air Visual Information System (LETVIS) are and will be placed high demands, especially as regards the extension of additional functionality, as regards the introduction of new security features and also interconnection with virtual flight simulators MiG-29, TL-39 and Mi-17 and the reconfigurable simulators. Interconnection of simulator LETVIS with air units, reconfigurable simulators, virtual control tower and training center of central ground controlled interception is possible to create a platform for building a federation of simulations that will permit not only joint training of all air traffic controllers and pilot training, but also increase the safety of flight personnel and thus the safety of air traffic services operators.

HAJDUOVA Zuzana - ANDREJKOVIC Marek - MIXTAJ Ladislav
STATISTICAL METHOD AS THE MEANS OF MEASURING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MANAGEMENT COURSES
The presented paper deals with the systems of quality control, especially with systems and methods of measurements of quality costs. An implementation of such measurement in practice is presented in this paper. The ANOVA method uses data and rigorous statistical analysis to identify defects in a process or a product. We use an ANOVA to evaluate the quality of management courses in Security Agency.

HRINKO Martin
THE USE OF COMPLEX PILOTLESS SYSTEMS IN POLICE PRACTICE
The author deals with a proposal of using a complex pilotless monitoring system model in the police practice. He describes the features of the pilotless system suitable for the CR Police´s tasks performance within security measures. He presents and outlines benefits of the system including unprecedented speed of its bringing into practice and its availability. Then he faces them with existing police practice of currently used helicopters of the CR Police Air Service. In the content of this article, the author offers an insight into essential selected outputs from the extensive analysis of risks associated with the pilotless monitoring system use.

CHALOUPKA-RISSER Christine
INDIRECT SAFETY MANAGEMENT REGARDING NOVICE DRIVERS
During the last years in Austria several research projects have been carried out regarding possible starting points to change traffic and mobility behaviour of young people. Some of these projects have been financed by the Austrian Ministry of Transport via the research strategy "ways2go". Other experience accrues from prevention and rehabilitation courses for young novice drivers carried out during the last 15 years. Possible communication strategies to question actual mobility patterns of young people should have the goal both to change car driving performance and to change mobility behaviour in order to head for more safe and sustainable transportation modes.

IHNAT Peter - MAJERCAK Jozef
EUROPEAN RAIL TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEM - WAY FOR INCREASE A COMPETITIVENESS OF RAIL SECTOR
This paper presents a summary of EU initiatives for creation the rail traffic management system as part of interoperability of European railways. The most of existing rail traffic management systems has been developed and implemented on the basis of requests of national markets, that steps led to generation of the different and incompatibles rail traffic management systems on the European rail network. These different barriers for continuously moving of the trains through borders and increasing the needed time for hand over the trains between railway undertakings. The common rail traffic management system can remove the limitations of previous systems as well as key area for creation of interoperability of the European railways. Its full-area implementation on European rail network increase competitiveness of rail sector.

JAGELCAK Juraj
LOAD SECURING OF BIG-BAGS WITH DANGEROUS GOODS IN MARITIME CONTAINERS FOR ROAD, RAIL AND DEEP SEA CARRIAGE
Carriage of dangerous goods belongs to special carriages with strict safety requirements. The aim of this paper is to show the procedure and the results of load securing of solid environmentally hazardous goods packed in big-bags and loaded in maritime containers for deep sea carriage. The choice of the right packaging leads to the efficient loading and less securing equipment. The paper also presents the door protection area in maritime containers.

JALOVECKY Rudolf - BORIL Jan
PARAMETERS IDENTIFICATION OF THE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR MODEL IN THE AIRCRAFT FLIGHT CONTROL
This paper presents the application of mathematical methods of experimental identification for determination of the transfer function parameters of the human behaviour models in the aircraft flight control. Alternative human -pilot behaviour model is considered, where the pilots reactions to the input (usually step) is then measured on the output scale. Parameter calculations of the transfer functions are implemented in development environment MATLAB - SIMULINK. The results of the identified parameters from the measured, generated and noisy signals are presented. The paper further extends the study of human behaviour during safe aircraft flight control.

JERABEK Jaroslav - VASEK Milan
THE IMPORTANCE OF ATM SYSTEMS IN THE RNAV
This article describes the importance of ATM system in the RNAV. RNAV and RNP navigation methods represent an important progress in air transport and general aviation at all. A bad idea is that the crews will be denied dependence on aeronautical ground infrastructure projects. The importance of ATM systems will grow. Air traffic control services will be more centralized and less likely to intervene directly in the flights.

JERABEK Michal
AUTHENTICATION USING ZERO-KNOWLEDGE TECHNIQUE FOR ITS APPLICATIONS
It is typical for ITS area that traffic data elements are stored, managed and provided by different subjects. The access to get or insert these traffic data is provided only to subjects (generally to entities) who passed out of process identification, process authentication and have required access privileges. The paper presents protocols using zero-knowledge technique which make possible pass out of process authentication on condition only prove knowledge of password (or some secret) without leak of them. The usage of these protocols in the authentication process for ITS application has advantage and this paper occupies by a design of system's architecture. The paper presents attacker resistance of selected protocols when attacker attempt at fraud.

KALASOVA Alica
DECREASING ROAD ACCIDENT FREQUENCY WITH THE HELP OF ITS
Intelligent transport systems are systems which help to make efficient use of road and urban communication network, using information, communication and directing technologies. They make basic conditions for high quality communication and information society that we are approaching also in our conditions. Their successful development and application could hold the key to solving many of our transportation problems, reducing health and environmental impacts, increasing economic efficiency and saving lives. In confronting the question of improving the European transport system, three main issues must be addressed: Congestion - Bottlenecks on the main international routes remain a major problem, while urban and inter-city congestions require immediate action. Pollution and health - The emission of harmful gases is now widely recognised as a real danger for the future of mankind. Breathing problems are on the increase in urban areas, while, in a world where travel is a daily necessity, increasing traffic congestion is making life more and more stressful. Safety - Accident frequency which is very high in road transport. The wide variety of ITS applications now being put forward represent a real opportunity to move towards a better future, but they are anything but futuristic. ITS systems, products and services that are at work today throughout Europe are, based on telecommunications, electronics and information technologies. Nevertheless, the wide-scale development and deployment of these applications represent a true revolution in transportation. In my contribution I would like to show possibilities of Decreasing road accident frequency with the help of ITS.

KELEMEN Miroslav - NECAS Pavel - SOUSEK Radovan - GREGA Matus
HEADED FOR COMPREHENSIVE SECURITY: ENHANCED VIRTUAL SIMULATED EDUCATION AND TRAINING BASED ON AVIS PLATFORM
The Armed Forces Academy of GMRS in Liptovsky Mikulas has increased its training capabilities in domain of virtual simulation by acquiring air traffic simulator so called Air Visual Information System (AVIS). It is only one such a simulator available for air traffic controllers' basic and advanced training in all its phases. The virtual simulation is the most state-of-art and dynamic domain of training and therefore the requirements on its functions are high, especially its interconnection with flight simulators of MiG-29, TL-39 and Mi-17 or other reconfigurable simulators. The simulator will be supplemented with ground control of interceptor capability and there is an intention to add 3D image of virtual airfields - air traffic control tower simulator.

KLECUN Rudolf - KOVER-DORCO Lubomir
MODELLING OF TRAFFIC COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM IN THE MATLAB ENVIRONMENT
The article describes a traffic collision avoidance system, termed as TCAS. Threat of collision with another aircraft - intruder - represents a crucial stress factor for aircrew. A traffic collision avoidance system is capable of detecting possible threats of collision with other aircraft and advises the aircrew on manoeuvres to avoid it. The TCAS system with an imbedded method of situational control for resolving conflicting situation assists the aircrew in minimizing the risks of aircraft collisions. The presented model in the MATLAB environment will enable both developing of a situational diagram and simulating the operation of the TCAS, traffic collision avoidance system. Modelling the vertical and horizontal test is demonstrating the operation of the TCAS system when controlling aircraft thus contributing to the safety of air transportation.

KMEC Frantisek - DRAGANOVA Katarina - LIPOVSKY Pavol
UNIVERSAL SIMPLE DATA LOGGER FOR SMALL MOBILE OR FLYING OBJECTS
The article deals with the possibilities of using a universal simple open-source data logger platform OpenLog controlled by ATmega328 microcontroller for construction of data acquisition system with characteristics according to the user application requirements. Parameters, minimized size, minimal weight and power consumption allow using of OpenLog platform in autonomous measurement systems for small mobile or flying objects.

KNUTELSKA Marta
IMPORTANCE OF MAINTENANCE AND REPAIRS FOR SECURING OPERATIONAL RELIABILITY
Minimizing safety risks is an important task for management in all parts of transportation. Safety and reliability are integral parts of quality. This article refers to importance of maintenance and repairs for securing the operational reliability of road vehicles. In the area of the operation of road vehicles, it is possible to evaluate records of failures, repairs, maintenance, operation costs, etc. These are stored in an information system or in another digital evidence system and are usable for operation reliability evaluation. The operational data can be also used to prognosticate the development of some reliability parameters.

KOBLEN Ivan - SZABO Stanislav
SELECTED SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS AND CHALLENGES FOR INTEGRATION OF UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS INTO NON-SEGREGATED AIRSPACE
The importance of the Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) and their applications for the civil, security and military purposes in the present time and particularly for the future have been continually increasing. The objective of this paper is to present the selected information concerning selected safety considerations and challenges for integration of UAS into non - segregated (general) airspace. Introduction parts of paper are focused on some facts regarding the importance of UAS and their categories. Third part contains selected information concerning safety considerations regarding the UAS operation, including risk assessment, severity classifications, likelihood of occurrence as well as information on ground impact of UAS operation. The authors subsequently inform about main barriers and challenges in the area of UAS integration into non-segregated airspace (in the technical, rules and regulations, procedures and training, transversal issues). They are paying attention to the collision avoidance system (sense and avoid issue). The last part of paper is dealing with information regarding the gradual major steps for UAS integration into the non-segregated airspace.

KOLCAREK Pavel - KOUKOL Ondrej - VERVERS Patricia May
ENHANCED AND SYNTHETIC VISION: CREW INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS
In low visibility conditions (LVC) a pilot's limited view of the outside environment affects his or her ability to detect references in the runway environment and effectively manoeuvre on the aerodrome surface. This paper presents results of a survey of crew information requirements for an Enhanced and Combined Vision System (EVS/CVS) being developed under the Single European Sky ATM Research (SESAR) programme aimed at improving safety and increasing airport capacity during operations in LVC. The participants of the survey were 12 pilots with flight experience in business, regional and air transport operations. They identified the most important problems in their operations during LVC and rated the display information needed for landing, taxi and takeoff in LVC. The goal of this SESAR project is the development of the combined vision system (CVS) where the information acquired from sensors will be integrated with the static information about surrounding environment stored in a database. The survey confirmed the demand for this approach and helped to prioritize the information most important to the crew.

KORECKI Zbysek - POMAZALOVA Natasa - MARES Jaromir
FUEL ADDITIVE EXPERIMENT IN THE AREA OF OIL STABILITY AND QUALITY
Additives present a new way of the metal engine parts protection when arise additive has got influenced to consumption, the gas production and metal engine part protection. One of the most important additives advantages might be in oxidative stability. The tested additive contains zinc and boron or sulphide phosphorus that has influence on anti-wear and extreme pressure in engine. The article explores research experiment findings in additive influence to oil stability and quality. The ascertained changes in oil, above all increase of copper contain can be an evidence of possible seize of friction bearing and following decrease of engine power. The copper contain changes could be also the result of influence of faster corroding process via oxidative combustion product.

KOSCAK Peter - PETRUF Martin
THE CONCEPT OF SAFETY AT THE AIRPORT
Safety is a condition in which a risk or danger to persons or property damage is reduced and maintained at or below the acceptable threshold through a continuous process of the risk identification and risk management. The safety management system of an airport operator must clearly define lines of responsibility for safety, including direct (nominal) responsibility for safety provided by senior management. Safety requirements are related to operational procedures, technology, systems and programs for which you can specify the evaluation criteria of reliability, availability, performance and accuracy.

KOTABA Ondrej
DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL PLATFORM FLY-BY-WIRE SYSTEM
While in the air transport aircraft class the fly-by-wire concept is widely in use nowadays, there is no comparable technology airworthy for the segment of general aviation. SAFAR consortium currently prepares a concept and demonstrator of the small platform fly-by-wire system for small aircraft, allowing using advanced pilot assistance functions such as easy handling, flight envelope protection or dynamic control allocation. The functions are supported by the novel navigation system fusing low-cost inertial sensors with the GNSS Attitude Receivers and smart Air Data sensors. The project currently approaches the final demonstration phase.

KRAJCIR Dusan - KNAKAL Martin - SKODACEK Martin
ROAD LINE TRAFFIC CONTROL - KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCES FROM TESTING OPERATION
One of the most significant road structure completed in 2010 was the construction of southern part of the Bypass around Prague (BPAP). ELTODO group was a general supplier of technological equipment and a part of supply was design and implementation of Road Line Traffic Control System. In Czech Republic is this system absolutely innovative and brings new organizational and regulational elements into operation. The system is primarily intended for traffic flow harmonization. It is based on usage of variable message signs to affect the traffic flow so the fluency, security and communication permeability is increased. Thank to automatic speed reduction by defined traffic data is traffic flow more fluent, distances between vehicles are smaller and throughput of communication increases. RLTC system can both identify traffic excesses on communication thanks to vehicle queue detection. All algorithms were designed and tested under project of science and research of Ministry of Transport Czech Republic, project INEP, n. CG944-033-120, whose main contractor is ELTODO group. In current time testing operation on BPAP and on a part of D1 Highway is proceeded. System is monitored and all functionalities are evaluated for further debugging and adaptation of system for local conditions.

KRAMNY Jan - PETRU Jan - ZEMAN Karel - MIHOLA Marek
INTERACTION OF THE TYPE OF TRANSPORT AND ITS IMPACT ON TRAFFIC SAFETY
The article focuses on the evaluation of traffic accidents and their impact on the safety of the various modes of transport. Influence of transport modes interaction on the safety of the traffic and the subsequent economic consequences with emphasis on the problems of accidents at railway crossings on the road network.

KRCAL Jan
DEPARTURE OF VEHICLES FROM A LIGHT-CONTROLLED INTERSECTION
Departure of vehicles from a light-controlled intersection is one of the characteristics which allows us describe behavior of a traffic flow. In order to manage traffic on light-controlled intersections or in the entire traffic networks, it is imperative to describe this behavior with the most accurate mathematical apparatus. Computation of traffic management is determined by a model, according to which vehicles on an intersection set into motion upon the green signal, although in order to reflect today's traffic conditions, I prefer to propose using the red-yellow signal. This model is called the departure model. It is defined by the time necessary for a vehicle standing in a queue to cross a reference point after the onset of the green signal. One of the aims of this article is to describe and verify a new mathematical apparatus for departure of vehicles from an intersection - departure model, which would take into account both the preceding vehicles and other parameters influencing departure of vehicles from an intersection. This model is called the basic model. It focuses on simple situations, when a vehicle departs from an intersection without being detained by other vehicles or pedestrians. Additional aim of in this article is to create and describe the methodology for a departure model, which could be used for any intersection, i.e. a set of models from which the most suitable one would be chosen for a given intersection. This model is called the expanded departure model. In order to arrive at such a complex solution, it is suitable to create a model based on a mathematical apparatus of mixture distribution.

KRCHOVA Zuzana
AGGRESSION AND ANGER ON SLOVAK ROADS AND THEIR RELATION TO ROAD SAFETY
In connection with the developing transport increases the number of aggressive drivers on the road. In this branch, however, we lack sufficient technical information as it is in motor more advanced countries. To work out aggressiveness in the society is tightly connected with the solution of safe and smooth traffic and with the increase of safe traffic space. The problem of aggressive driving on the roads is becoming more current. Speeding, inappropriate gestures, nonobservance of safe distance, this is only a fraction of the aggressive behavior of many drivers that need to be solved in the road traffic. At present the problem of aggressive driver behavior in the Slovak Republic is not resolved yet. If we wanted to examine whether the concept of aggressive, or reckless driving can be found in the legislation of the Slovak Republic relating to road traffic, it would be futile, as this term is often used by the police and by public, but it is not precisely defined. Aggressive driving on the roads, however, applies to any driver and is not sanctioned so strictly that drivers are cautious and respect other road users when driving. Abroad, the questionnaires used for the detection of potential aggressive drivers, or diagnostics of drivers who already have a driving license, have a form of survey. They showed that the survey carried out in Slovakia should be focused on anger, which is the main problem and is very common with aggressive drivers.

KRUPANSKY Petr - VASEK Jiri - KEINRATH Claudia - DORNEICH Michael - BALL Larry
DUAL OPERATION HUMAN-MACHINE INTERFACE
The paper describes a Dual Operation concept and one example of its design. The amount of information the pilot must process, already high in current Air Traffic Management (ATM) operation, will increase dramatically in the envisioned future ATM environment. New pilot functions will require new levels of automation. Thus cockpit displays must be modified in order to facilitate the pilot's future tasks and to manage the increased information available. One approach to these challenges is to adaptively modify the displays depending on current pilot tasks and situation. Simply adding functionality to current day displays has the potential to reach an unacceptable level of complexity. However, completely new displays require tremendous development and certification efforts. Therefore one of the key challenges of HMI design is how to modify current display to provide pilots with adaptive task assistance. In other words, how to offer new adaptive HMI functionality without significant modification of already proven HMI designs. This paper describes an approach to utilize the unused space on the display for showing context adaptive additional functionality without modification of the HMI management procedure with which pilots are familiar. Pilots can use the standard HMI management functions or can use context-dependent "shortcuts" offered by adaptive automation. This effectively creates two modes of operation - the Dual Operation system. This system offers a path towards the transition to more adaptive automation support, better procedural control of the aircraft, and context dependant decision making.

KUFFOVA Mariana
SAFETY INCREASE IN MILITARY TECHNIQUES OPERATION
Application of the progressive materials and technologies in the weapon's production forces the producers in order to use new materials in the military techniques design. The trends are in the field of the armour protection, camouflage as well as the application of intelligent materials into particular components of military vehicles. For instance, if we replace the classical shock absorbers with magnetorheological ones, we obtain some benefits of its using, such as the improvement in manoeuvrability and safe driving speed, improved stability which reduces risk of roll-over, reduction in driver absorbed power / fatigue and reduction in wear and tear on vehicles due to up-armouring. This article deals with magnetorheological fluids, as a kind of intelligent material, with their properties and with their utilization in military with the respect to increase of the safety during military vehicles operation.

KUPCULJAKOVA Jana
WAYS OF URBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORT PREFERENCE ON SIGNAL CONTROLLED JUNCTIONS
Preference of urban public transport by light signalling means the possibility of a priority option and prolongation of the green signal for urban public vehicles, which come to a junction. It is desirable so that the vehicle can cross the signal controlled junction if it is possible without stopping or at least with minimum delay. This can be achieved by managing traffic lights equipments. In the article are described the ways of preference of urban public transport as well as different ways of managing traffic lights equipments within preference, for example prolongation or shortening traffic lights phase and under. There is also mentioned the comparison the preference of public transport in the capitals of the Slovakia and the Czech Republic as well as way of managing traffic lights equipments.

LABUN Jan - KURDEL Pavol
RADIO ALTIMETER DURING THE FINAL LANDING APPROACH PHASE
The article discusses the role of a radio altimeter during the final approach phase of aircraft on landing. It explains how, at first glance, a simple function of a radio altimeter has played a very negative role in two major disasters that have occurred in recent years in Eastern Europe. It submits the professional attitude to the interaction of man - machine in connection with introduced disasters. It discusses the two extreme accesses of pilots to radio altimeter information. It also clarifies that in the disaster of the Slovak military transport aircraft An-24 (Hejce - Hungary), the radio altimeter data were underestimated, and in the disaster of the Polish government's special TU-154M (Smolensk - Russia), the radio altimeter data were overestimated. From this perspective, the aim of the article is to contribute to enhancing aviation safety.

LAZAR Tobias - MADARASZ Ladislav
EFFICIENCY AND THE THRESHOLD LEVEL OF TECHNOSPHERE SAFETY
Quality of complex systems utility is a multicriterion function that can be made visible through efficiency and safety, indicators which can be estimated quantitatively. The threshold value of dangerou status threshold value at technical systems denotes the residual capability of a technical system to withstand, for a limited period of time, the negative or regular (useful) control inputs. The threshold estimate is made using qualitative characteristics of the parts or of the system as a whole applying indicators of probability. Exceeding the limited level of the safety threshold bears the risk, which is the common denominator and a complex indicator of the antropogenous and technogenous reliability of an (ergatic) system of transportation.

LIPOVSKY Pavol - HUDAK Jozef - BLAZEK Josef - PRASLICKA Dusan - CVERHA Andrej
TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS OF FOUR CHANNEL MAGNETOMETER FOR SECURITY SYSTEM
We are currently investigating the utilization possibilities of the four channel vector magnetometer VEMA-041. It is a relax type fluxgate magnetometer with its digital electronics based on a CPLD. For optimization of the security system design, the priority is to know all the magnetometer characteristics. The paper deals with analysis of static and frequency characteristics of the magnetometer. These parameters are also important for integration of the magnetometer into the reference station REFMAGS, which is being developed to carry out long-term measurements of the local Earth's magnetic field and to provide the reference for security subsystems.

MAKULA Petr - DUB Michal - BOJDA Petr
OFDM COMMUNICATION SYSTEM OPTIMIZATION BASED ON ADAPTIVE LOADING
OFDM systems have entered into a massive expansion in various communication applications in recent years. The reason of that lies in features they provide such as high data rates and robustness in the presence of frequency selective channels. The article deals with one of the optimization techniques for OFDM systems - dynamic loading of parallel channels. The article analyses implementation possibility of dynamic loading based on the Chow's MA algorithm in frequency selective and slowly varying channels. There are chosen standardized ITU, JTC and COST 207 channel models which are suitable for an OFDM communication system of a small UAV platform. The article investigates a possibility of a practical implementation of such loading optimization technique based on a reverse link from a receiver to a transmitter providing channel state information.

MORAVCIK Lubomir
NEW MANDATORY SAFETY SYSTEMS FOR ROAD VEHICLES
New road vehicles safety systems are now required in accordance with the trend of rapid development of safety features and new road vehicles technologies in order to improve road safety. Specifically electronic stability Control, Tyre Pressure Monitoring Systems, Advanced Emergency Braking Systems and Lane Departure Warning Systems for road vehicles, and mandatory anti-lock braking systems for motorcycles. Theses new Technologies should significantly improve the safety of vehicles and avoid/ prevent road accidents.

NOWAKOWSKI Miroslaw
SELECTED PROBLEMS OF THE IN-FLIGHT AIRCRAFT TESTS
Flight tests and measurements are usually performed for newly built or modernised aircraft utilised by the Polish Armed Forces. In the course of flight tests the airborne equipment is also investigated. The main goal of the performed tests is to verify tactical performance and to identify technical parameters of aircraft and/or equipment under examination. The airborne experimental data is also applied to the aircraft flight dynamics modelling, subsequently used for the design and construction of a flight simulator. The equipment is usually arranged of the following components: sensors/measuring devices capable of converting physical parameters into optical, mechanical, or electrical signals (indicators, transmitters, sensors, transducers); conditioning systems - intermediary devices used to amplify and/or adjust any signal gained to some required value or form; recording and storing devices (data recorders, cameras, etc.); devices applied to the decoding and processing of the acquired data (decoders, computers). Some selected problems of aircraft flight tests will be discussed in the paper. A brief description of the applied experimental apparatus will be provided first. Next, the attention will be focused on the experimentally gathered data utilised in the identification of aircraft flight dynamics characteristics and on the data applied to the evaluation of selected design parameters.

PAVLIN Stanislav - BRACIC Matija
RUNWAY END SAFETY AREA
Statistics indicates that most aircraft incidents and accidents happen on the runway and its surroundings. International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) defines an area in extension of the runway end to reduce the risk of death or injury of passengers and damage to the aircraft as a runway end safety area. The paper presents international standards and a recommended practice related to runway end safety area and shows the application of runway end safety area for the Rijeka Airport case through several possible solutions to reduce the consequences of aircraft accidents.

PIALA Peter - KALINA Tomas
PROCEDURES FOR EFFECTIVE TESTING OF LNG CARRIERS CARGO SPACES
Article describes the preparation and testing problems of cargo space and cargo systems on LNG carriers. In the article, there are mentioned the key considerations and procedures for efficient and accurate testing of cargo spaces, as well as particular vessel systems providing the manipulation of the LNG.

POKORSKI Janusz - RENSKI Andrzej - SAR Hubert
MEASUREMENT SYSTEM FOR INVESTIGATION OF TYRE-ROAD FRICTION
Measurement system for investigation of tyre-road surface friction developed at Warsaw University of Technology will be presented in this article. The system, equipped with a dynamometrical trailer initially designed for routine and acceptance investigations of road surface friction coefficient, after improvements can determine full friction characteristics. The original construction of the measurement trailer makes it possible to determine exactly both longitudinal and vertical forces acting on tyre, and finally the friction coefficient as a function of slip. Full friction characteristic is obtained immediately after one braking process. The trailer is equipped with a moisturizing system, which makes it possible to carry out tests both on wet and on dry surfaces. Examples of friction characteristics obtained for different tyres on different road surfaces will be presented. The measurement system can be applied in: tyres tests to determine their friction properties, especially in connection with planned EU Directive, which will impose obligation of marking friction properties on tyres, roads construction for routine and acceptance investigation of road surface quality, automotive experts practice for collecting the real tyre-road friction data in the place of traffic accident.

RADIMSKY Michal - SMELY Martin - APELTAUER Tomas
TRAFFIC SAFETY OF MULTI-LANES ROUNDABOUTS
A single-lane roundabout is the safest type of level crossing, but it is necessary to increase their capacity due to the expansion of traffic. The right way is to use additional entry and circulating lanes. Unfortunately using classic mutli-lanes roundabouts lead only to a slight increase of intensity, while car accidents growth. A possible solution seems to be turbo roundabouts, where spiral arrangement of the lanes on the circuit, lead to reduce the number of conflict points while preserving higher capacity as we found during our measurements in the Netherlands and the Czech republic.

ROHAC Jan - SIPOS Martin
SENSORS AND DATA PROCESSING METHODS USED IN NAVIGATION SYSTEMS
Navigation systems of civil aircrafts are used for vertical and horizontal situation estimation and indication. They provide information about position, velocity, and orientation of the aircraft in a reference framework. They commonly consist of Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) and computation units. The IMU primary uses inertial sensors, such as accelerometers and angular rate sensors/gyros, which are sometimes supplemented by magnetometers. The vertical situation can be described by altitude and two Euler angles corresponding to roll and pitch. The third angle (yaw) defines the heading and with position it forms the information about the horizontal situation. The navigation systems can be divided into two groups such as Attitude and Heading Reference Systems (AHRS) and Inertial Navigation Systems (INSs). The accuracy of estimated Euler angles also affects the precision of estimated position gotten through two consecutive integrations of acceleration and velocity. Therefore, Euler angles are the main concern of this paper. The angles are estimated via angular rates integration and thus a noise and disturbance can cause an error which grows in time with no boundaries. Therefore, the angles have to be corrected within a flight. There exist several approaches for corrections, which use aiding systems formed by for example accelerometers, magnetometers, and GPS. The approaches have limitations that have to be managed. This paper describes and compares different approaches for the attitude estimation.

SAGHI Balazs - TARNAI Geza
ACCEPTANCE, APPROVAL AND CERTIFICATION PROCEDURES OF URBAN GUIDED TRANSPORT SYSTEMS - A EUROPEAN VIEW
In this paper we report on the first results gained in course of the EU-funded research project, called MODSafe. The project MODSafe is divided into different work packages and one of them is dealing with acceptance, approval and certification (AAC) procedures of urban guided transport systems. The main goal of this work package is to make the diversity transparent for participants of these processes (suppliers, operators etc.) by developing and proposing a typical optimised framework for the AAC-procedures, which is based on elementary activity modules and on an analysis of current AAC-procedures over Europe.

SCERBA Marek - APELTAUER Tomas - SMELY Martin
TRAFFIC FLOW HARMONISATION AND INCREASING THE HIGHWAY CAPACITY DURING THE ROAD WORKS USING PORTABLE CO-OPERATIVE ITS SYSTEMS - PORTABLE ACTIVE TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
Queuing and congestions occur to a great extent at the spots where road works take place. This fact presents continuous growth of external travel costs, lowered traffic comfort, increased travel times, significantly increased stress factor and not least higher risk of accidents. Extensive investment into repair of roads and bridges are expected, including planned reconstruction and widening of the D1 highway. All those interferences with traffic flow capacity will be reflected notably in traffic fluency and safety. ViaZONE project brings suggestions how to reduce the impacts of necessary repairs and how to markedly improve capacity of the given road and increase traffic fluency, even in the long term, using present-day portable co-operative telematics systems. All deployments of dynamic traffic flow management system proved themselves in the developed countries, therefore its portable variety aims to harmonise traffic flow significantly and to suggest the solutions for the most used schemes of traffic restrictions. One of the important features of the project is to supply the drivers with alternative routes in real time in respect to delay time. Development of the system will focus on microscopic alternative modeling and in-depth study of vehicle performance in this, for many drivers stressful, field. The system will be flexible, modular, portable instrument, increasing drivers´ awareness and their travel comfort, as well as enabling responsible organs to improve central monitoring and management at the critical spots of the road infrastructure. The whole system won't depend on stationary power sources but will utilize renewable energy sources and alternative fuel cells, successfully tested in the past. Results of the project will comprise complex design of the system, its development and testing operation with the option of remote control from NDIC.

SEIDLER Tomas - MIHOLA Marek - CIHLAROVA Denisa - KRAJCOVIC Marian
ELIMINATION OF RISKS OF TRANSPORT STRUCTURES IN RISKS AREAS
Transport structures, where the major parts are linear structures, are very problematic in terms of their construction and maintenance. The initial conditions, such as soil type, can change several times along the linear structure. Areas which are undermined or potentially flood-affected bring even more risk factors to consider. They are both very difficult for horizontal and vertical road leading and they also place emphasis on construction of accompanying objects, even if in a different way. Article discusses the possible risks rising from these conditions and preventive measures to minimize their impact.

SERAFIN Jiri - BERNATIK Ales
SAFETY RISKS CONNECTED WITH PARKING OF CNG VEHICLES IN UNDERGROUND CAR PARKS
With growth of passenger transport and growth of utilization of alternative driving fuels the need of solution of these vehicles parking is more pressing. The article brings some basic information about hazards connected with CNG vehicles parking and also an analysis of safety measures in underground car parks in case of CNG leakage including some suggestion of possible solutions in terms of safety. The aim of this article is to refer to the fact that the parking of CNG vehicles in underground car pars is by meeting of certain safety criteria safe.

SCHOBER Tomas - GREGA Matus - TURCANIK Michal
FACING THE AIR THREAT
The consequences of 9/11 for airport and in-flight security were huge. They have brought dramatic changes in safety apprehension and implementation of new actions for increasing the safety level via successful achievement of new Air Traffic Management security concept. This article is dealing with all possible air threats, especially with that ones, which are most dangerous and can cause huge damage to civilians and national economy - the renegade planes. When properly used, safety management system with all its parts is the best prevention and protection measure and quick reaction alert procedures are here described as a last valid option to face the menace when all other means failed.

SIROKY Jaromir - CEMPIREK Vaclav
TRACKING RAILWAY CARS TO INCREASE RAILWAY SAFETY
Increasing demand for railway car tracking services, served as an impulse to create the system SIMON (system of intelligent monitoring). This system combines results of two projects of research and development that have been solved within the program EUREKA. The subject matter of JEWEL Project is development and research of new technical devices enabling electronic monitoring of objects on the railroad and searching alternative ways of getting energy for these devices. The project JEWEL is still in development stage, its aim is to achieve standards and certificates for the device to meet EU regulations (TSI standards). It can be assumed that further development will lead to the possibilities of obtaining energy directly from the rail car and optimizing data transfer between the unit and sensors on the rail car. The second Project RailMap provides users with an Internet map, which includes rail data and information about railway infrastructure. Application RailMap has been developed to allow linking to different systems providing information about location. The user can dispose of railway cars, current position of monitored railway car and railway car movement history.

SMETANA Marek - MALY Radek
INVESTIGATING OCCURRENCE OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN MORAVIAN-SILESIAN REGION
The paper describes results of the study, aftermaths and extent of technical and technological acci-dents in the Moravian-Silesian Region in Czech Republic. The period of interest includes data from the years 2006-2010. A particular attention is paid to the analysis of accidents in transport primar-ily, and their reliance on various factors.

SOJKA Martin - JANOS Vit - BAUDYS Karel
SIMULATION OF OPERATION CONCEPT UNDER REDUCED RAILWAY INFRASTRUCTURE CAPACITY
Long-term maintenance, renewal or upgrading works on the multiple-track line infrastructure are usually accompanied with temporary track closure or single-track sections. The capacity of the traffic route is heavy reduced and often there is no more available capacity or even not enough capacity for current trains. The reduce infrastructure capacity sections also changed in time due to progress of work. With the knowledge of distributing delays between trains from different lines this project have to try to evaluate train-traffic diagram for whole engineering works with specific action in various reduce infrastructure capacity situations. It's also necessary to reduce influence on other part of unaffected railway network, which means delays and irregularities. A concrete simulation in Swiss program OpenTrack is placed on railway track Praha - Kolín during renewal works. The aim of this paper is to present simulation-tested supposed railway operation model, so that delays will be minimized with high accuracy and timetable stability and reliability will be preserved for all phases of engineering works.

SOLDAN Kamil - KVARCAK Milos
MOBILE MONITORING CENTRE
In the contribution authors present the transfer image information from a mobile monitoring centre to the mobile part of the vehicle for ensuring the effective staff coordination of forces and resources of the Police of the Czech Republic as the components of the integrated rescue system in dealing with the incident.

SOTAK Milos
CALIBRATION AND ALIGNMENT PROCEDURES OF INERTIAL NAVIGATION SYSTEM
The paper deals with testing the calibration and coarse alignment algorithm for the inertial measurement unit (IMU) ADIS16405. The ADIS16405 is the new six-degree of freedom IMU which is being produced by Analog Devices and due to relative low price it is suitable for low-cost inertial navigation systems. The main goal of the paper is to describe the calibration and determination of the initial attitude of the IMU with respect to the navigation frame as a referenced frame and to depict appropriate tests using a rotation platform. The tests were conducted using the INS/GNSS development kit. The overall factual results are illustrated and correctness of the algorithm was definitely confirmed.

SOUREK David
THEORETICAL PREREQUISITES FOR PASSENGER CHECK-IN TIME OPTIMIZATION IN AIR TRANSPORT
Due to economic recession, the air traffic transport demand decrease or stand still. Nevertheless the passenger check-in time at big airports is count in tens minutes. Speed of passenger check-in is the indicator, which enables to compare throughput of airport terminals. Theoretical determination of this speed (check-in time) is possible with operation research methods. This paper deals with analyze of prerequisites, which have to be fulfilled to optimize passenger check-in time.

SOVRESKI Zlatko V. - CAUSEVSKI Anton - TASEVSKI Angel - SIMEONOV Simeon
STRATEGY FOR THE HYDROGEN TRANSITION
A rapid and profitable commercialization path for fuel cells and H2 can be executed by coordinating convergent trend in several industries. This strategy relies on existing technologies, can begin immediately, and proceeds in a logical and viable sequence. It has two preconditions: uncompromised ultra light-hybrid vehicles whose inherently high efficiency permits their full-cell stacks to rely on conveniently compact onboard thanks of compressed gaseous H2, making onboard liquid- fuel reformers unnecessary and uncompetitive; and integration of fuel-cell market development between vehicles and buildings. As a first step, fuel-cell co-or three generation could currently compete in many buildings by virtue of its thermal credit. It could yield even greater economic value wherever electric distribution grids are old or congested, or where other "distributed benefits" are important and rewarded, Its H2 could be made in the building by a mass-produced "hydrogen appliance"-either an off-peak electrolyzer or a natural-gas steam reformer. Next, the huge fuel-cell market, in buildings (which use two-thirds of all U.S. electricity), supplemented by industrial niche markets, would soon cut fuel-cell costs to levels competitive in vehicles. Low-tractive-load hyper cars could adopt fuel cells at several fold higher prices, hence several years earlier, than conventional cars. The general-vehicle market could then be opened to hydrogen by first using the spare off-peak capacity of buildings, H2 sources to serve vehicles too-particularly vehicles whose drives work or live in or near the sane buildings. Further, those vehicles daytime use as plug-in 20+-kWe power plants could repay a significant fraction of their lease cost. This building/vehicle integration could make gaseous-H2 fueling practical without first building a new upstream bulk-supply and distribution infrastructure. It would work better and cost less than onboard liquid-hydrocarbon reforming. Ultimately it could provide more than 3 TWe of U.S. generating capacity, enough in principle to displace virtually all central thermal power stations. As both stationary and mobile applications for fuel cells built volume and cut cost for dispersed but stationary reformer and electrolyzer appliances, those H2 sources would also start to be installed freestanding outside buildings. Before, long the growing H2 market would then justify further competition from upstream bulk supply, especially from climatically benign sources. Such options include converting hydroelectric dams (or other renewables) to " Hydro-Gen" plants that earn far higher profit by shipping each electron with a proton attached, and R.H. Wiliams,s concept of wellhead reforming of natural gas with CO2 reinjection. The latter option, s three possible profit streams-high-value hydrogen-fuel sales, enhanced hydrocarbon recovery and potential carbon-sequestration credits are already attracting large energy companies. Its 200 year climate-safe CH4 reserves (at roughly current rates of consumption) could also provide a long bridge to a fully renewable energy system. The diverse and dynamic portfolio of hydrogen sources up and downstream; renewable and nonrenewable; based on electrolysis, reforming or other methods and with small to no net climatic effect would ensure healthy price competition and robust policy choices.

SUSTEKOVA Daniela
ADVANTAGES OF THE FREIGHT CARS CONNECTION USING WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES
In the article there are described advantages of the freight cars connection using wireless technologie, as advanced trends of wireless technologies using in the road transportation. There are described basic concept of wireless technologies GPS and GPRS and possibilities of using these nets in a road transport. There is described realization of the connection between trucks and centre using GPS and GPRS and WI-FI technologies realized in a road transport.

SZABO Balint - SZALAY Zsolt
FAULT INJECTION - A SIMULATION BASED SAFETY ANALYSIS METHOD FOR VEHICLE CONTROL SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT
This paper describes the methodology of the application of a model based safety analysis, the so-called fault injection method. This method is based on a model of the system which is the target of the safety analysis. In the model at different locations faults are injected, and during simulation the system behaviour is analysed. As a result of the simulation we should know how the system should behave in faultless situation. From the deviation of the normal behaviour we can decide whether the system remains in safe state or not. In this work we describe the fault injection method on an autonomous vehicle control system.

SZABO Peter - SULEJ Radko - MISLIVCOVA Viera
THE PASSWORD AUTHENTICATION SECURITY
The simplest way of authentication into information systems is the one of made by name and password. Name is a static aspect, attention is to be paid to password. Reducing safety risk by revealing the password consists in using a sufficient number of and safe combination of characters in the password. One of the ways of verifying the sufficiently safe password is by developing a model for the process of simulation, through which one can find out the time maximum time required for the computer to decode the password of a given type and length applying the method of brute force attack.

TANCZOS Katalin - TOROK Adam
ANALYSIS OF ROAD SAFETY TENDENCIES IN BUDAPEST
After a short introduction, the authors describe the main characteristics of the Hungarian Transport Policy derived from the EU Transport Policy. The second part of the paper presents the methodology applied for the analysis of the geoinformatics and statistics database. The third part contains the presentation of the time series of the road traffic volumes in Budapest and the map of the caused road accidents and the identified mathematical functions. In the final part, the authors summarize the results of the analysis and give the conclusions regarding to the connections between the higher speed urban roads and the increased risk of the road accidents.

TOROK Arpad - FUTYU Istvan
MODELLING THE EFFECTS OF INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT WITH SPATIAL COMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL
Usually external effects of transportation are not included in the price of it. In our study, we apply spatial computable general equilibrium models, and internalize different economic effects. Hence the study will provide a flexible analysis tool to measure the effect of road development.

TURCANIK Michal
PUBLIC-KEY ALGORITHMS FOR AIR FORCE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
The air force must protect access to its critical communications networks during the warfighter's mission (but not only during of that time). A choice of the appropriate cryptographic algorithm for specific level is very important. Security threats are affecting the evolution in cryptographic algorithms, and modular arithmetic is an important part of these algorithms, especially in the case of public-key cryptosystems. To obtain optimal system performance and not to lose physical security, it is desirable to implement cryptographic algorithms in hardware. However, many public-key cryptographic algorithms require the implementation of modular arithmetic, specifically modular multiplication, for operands of 1024 bits in length. Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are an appropriate option for achieving this goal. The targeted FPGA will have been designed with the architectural requirements for wide-operand modular arithmetic in mind in an effort to maximize system performance. This contribution analyzes existing FPGA architectures with respect to arithmetic operations. It also proposes a new FPGA realization of wide-operand additions required for modular multiplication.

VACULIK Juraj - TENGLER Jiri
MOBILE TECHNOLOGY IN POSTAL SECTOR
The paper deals with application of mobile technology in different processes within the postal sector. The article characterized the basic concepts of mail transport process, characteristics of mobile technologies and their applications to individual postal processes. There is a short definition of transmission network and transport units used in transfer processes. The main emphasis is to use RFID technology as an integrating factor in the various phases of transportation operations, processing and identification of consignments.